Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OVERVIEW:
In this lesson, we endeavor to go back a little and answer these questions: What does it really mean to live a
good life? What qualities as a good existence? Granting this understanding, we are assumed to be in a better position to
reconcile our deepest existential needs as human beings and science as tool to maneuver around the world.
OBJECTIVES:
DISCUSSION:
• Aristotle believes that all forms of imbalance won’t bring a person to the highest form of happiness or
“eudaimonia” (eu=good, daimon=spirit)
• In order to achieve “eudaimonia” one must religiously apply moderation- or what he called as “Golden Mean”
• Aristotle (Virtue Ethics) said that a virtue is a trait of character manifested in habitual action.
• The word “habitual” here is important.
E.g.
The virtue of honesty, for example, is not possessed by someone who tells the truth only occasionally or only when it
benefits her. The honest person is truthful as a matter of course; her actions “spring from a firm and unchangeable
character.”
• Materialism
• Hedonism
• Stoicism
• Theism
• Humanism
Materialism
• Materialism can refer either to the simple preoccupation with the material world, as opposed to intellectual or
spiritual concepts, or to the theory that physical matter is all there is.
• This theory is far more than a simple focus on material possessions.
• It states that everything in the universe is matter, without any true spiritual or intellectual existence.
• Materialism can also refer to a doctrine that material success and progress are the highest values in life.
• This doctrine appears to be prevalent in western society today.
• An example of materialism is explaining love in terms of material things.
• Another example of materialism is valuing a new car over friendships.
Hedonism
• Like Aristotle, Epicurus believed that the goal of life was happiness, but happiness he equated simply with
pleasure
• Epicurus further explained that no act should be undertaken except for the pleasure in which it results, and no
act should be rejected except for the pain that it produces
• According to Epicurus, one of the obstacle in attaining happiness is the fear of death
• He also added that fear is increased by the religious belief that if you incur the wrath of the gods, you will be
severely punished in the afterlife
Stoicism
• Stoicism was another important Hellenistic philosophy that was transported to Rome
• Stoicism was founded in Greece by Zeno of Cyprus (334–262 B.C.E.), who used to preach to his students from a
portico, or stoa (hence the term “stoicism,” literally, “porchism”)
• Stoicism is predominantly a philosophy of personal ethics which is informed by its system of logic and its views
on the natural world
• According to its teachings, as social beings, the path to happiness for humans is found in accepting that which
we have been given in life, by not allowing ourselves to be controlled by our desire for pleasure or our fear of
pain, by using our minds to understand the world around us and to do our part in nature's plan, and by working
together and treating others in a fair and just manner
• Everyone is a part of the same common sense or “logos”.
• There exists a universal rightness or the “Natural Law”
• It teaches that nothing happens accidentally, everything happens through necessity
• In order to achieve happiness, one must have self-control and accept his/her fate
Theism
• Theism, the view that all limited or finite things are dependent in some way on one supreme or ultimate reality
of which one may also speak in personal terms.
• Philosophical theism is the belief that a deity exists (or must exist) independent of the teaching or revelation of
any particular religion. It represents belief in a personal God entirely without doctrine.
• Union of soul with the supreme being is the ultimate source of happiness.
• Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings,
individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism and empiricism)
over acceptance of dogma or superstition.
• Generally, however, humanism refers to a perspective that affirms some notion of human freedom and
progress.
• It views humans as solely responsible for the promotion and development of individuals and emphasizes a
concern for man in relation to the world.
• Humanism is a democratic and ethical life stance, which affirms that human beings have the right and
responsibility to give meaning and shape to their own lives.
• It stands for the building of a more humane society through an ethic based on human and other natural values
in the spirit of reason and free inquiry through human capabilities.
• There are no supernatural beings.
• The material universe is the only thing that exists.
• Science provides the only reliable source of knowledge about this universe.
• We only live this life - there is no after-life, and no such thing as reincarnation.
EVALUATION:
See attached activity sheet
REFERENCES:
Quinto, E. M., & Nieva, A. D. (2019). The Good Life. In Science, Technology, and Society (pp.
95-107). Quezon City: C and E Publishing.
Serafica, J. et.al, (2018). Science, Technology, and Society. Rex Book Store, Inc. (RBSI),
856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc Manila.
OVERVIEW:
Technology keeps on progressing due to the changing times and environment also to the ever-progressing mind
of mankind. It would not be possible for all these technological advancements to exist if it were not for the brilliance,
creativeness, and power of the mind. However, it is also important to note that anything too much is bad. The same
problem is faced by technology. Although it has been very helpful to people, it is still not immune to criticisms and
backlash. Various ethical dilemmas have been identified throughout time involving the use of different technological
devices and its effects to humanity. Usually different problems arise when either the technological device available is
misused or if it was invented to produce bad results. People who are aware of the possible dangers of the use and
misuse of technology are not keeping still. They lay those dilemmas for the public to see what they are in for.
OBJECTIVES:
DISCUSSION:
TECHNOLOGY
* come from the Greek words “techne” and “logos”
* A discourse on art. (Buchanan, 2010)
* Concepts like machines and tools were also attached to the word “technology”
* In one way or another, each person in the society is directly or indirectly affected by technology whether he wills it or
not.
* Most people survive their everyday lives with great reliance to the different technological advancements already
available to the masses.
* Technology is already an inevitable part of the society.
* Necessity or want?
- Convenience
- Pleasure
- Happiness
- Communication
* Anything too much is bad.
* Various ethical dilemmas involving the use of technological devices
* Misuse or invention to produce bad results
Mobile Phones
* Filipinos love to use their mobile phones anywhere, anytime.
* More than half of the Filipino population own at least one mobile phone regardless of type.
* In 2010, Synovate declared 67 percent product ownership in the country.
* Mobile phones are considered a must-have among young Filipinos (ABS-CBN News, 2010)
* 1 out of 3 Filipinos cannot live without a mobile phone – Ipsos Media Atlas Philippines Nationwide Urban 2011-2012
survey
Facts about Filipinos and their use of gadgets and the Internet:
* Mobile phone subscription is at 119M
* Filipinos spend approximately 3.2 hours on mobile and 5.2 hours on desktop daily
* Philippines has one of the highest digital populations in the world
* There are 47M active FB accounts in the Philippines
* The Philippines is the fastest-growing application market in SEA
Ethics of Responsibility focuses on the positive rather the negative. Instead asking “what ought not to be allowed?”
Ask “what ought to be allowed?” To put it in another way, people who are part of the scientific development ought to
let the public know the good in their respective technological contribution/s. In this way, the people will have an idea
how the devices ought to be used in order to maximize their positive result.
Service Robot
* A robot that performs useful tasks for humans or equipment excluding industrial application.
* A robot may be classified according to its intended application as an industrial robot or a service robot.
George Devol
an American inventor known for developing Unimate, the first material handling robot employed in industrial
production work.
Isaac Asimov
* was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.
Safety
* Who should be held accountable if someone’s safety is compromised by a robot?
* Who should be blamed, the robot, the agent using the robot, or the maker/inventor of the robot?
Emotional component
* It is not completely impossible for robots to develop emotions.
* What if robots become sentient?
* Should they be granted robot rights?
* Should they have their own set of rights to be upheld, respected, and protected by humans?
EVALUATION:
See attached activity sheet
REFERENCES:
Prieto, N: (2019), “ Science, Technology, and Society,” When Technology and Humanity
Cross pages 48-56
Serafica, J: (2018), Science, Technology, and Society,” when Technology and Humanity Cross
OVERVIEW:
A highly modernized, automated, data-driven, and technologically advanced-these best describe our society
nowadays, as evidenced by how information transferred or shared quickly. The society has been influenced
tremendously in the field of communication, economics, industry, health and environment. Despite our gains due to the
growing development of information technology, the rapid upgrade of information also has disadvantages. And in this
topic you will learn about Information Age inventions and its impact to the different areas in our society.
OBJECTIVES:
describe the inventions of information age such as computers and the world wide web;
scrutinized the reliability of the information sources; and
exhibit the changes in the society in the idea of “then and now” as influence by the information age inventions
DISCUSSION:
Information Age is defined as a "period starting in the last quarter of the 20th century when information
became effortlessly accessible through publications and through the management of information by computers and
computer networks". The Information Age is also called the Digital Age and the New Media Age because it was
associated with the development of computers. As man evolved, information and its dissemination has also evolved in
many guy ways. We no longer kept them to ourselves; instead, we share them and manage them in different means.
In the 1990s, information became the currency in the business world. It was preferred medium of exchange and
the Information managers served as information officers. In the present, information has turned out to be commodity an
overdeveloped product, and mass-produced.
Different authors have diverse, contrasting ideas on the evolution of the information age. Information age will continue
to move forward and far greater than our minds could imagine. ROBERT HARRIS ("Truths of the Information Age")
1. Information must complete.
2. Newer is equated with truer
3. Selection is a viewpoint.
4. The media sells what the culture buys.
5. The early word gets the perm.
6. You are what you eat and so is your brain.
7. Anything in great demand will be counterfeited.
8. Ideas are seen as controversial.
9. Undead information walks ever on.
10. Media presence creates the story.
11. The medium selects the message.
12. The whole truth is a pursuit
I. COMPUTER. These is one of the most important advances in the Information Age to society A computer is an
electronic device that stores and processes data. It runs on a program that contains the exact, step by step directions to
solve a problem.
Types of Computer
Several historians trace the origin of the Internet to Claude Shannon, an American Mathematician who’s
considered as the "Father of Information Theory”. He published a paper proposing that information can be
quantitatively encoded as a sequence of ones and zeroes.
Internet is a worldwide system of interconnected networks that facilitate data transmission among innumerable
computers. It was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. Sergey Brin and Larry Page, directors of
Stanford research project built a search engine; the researchers launched their company in 1998. Google is now the
world’s most popular search engine, accepting more than 200 million queries daily.
Back then, new forms of communication were also introduced. Electronic mail, or email, was a suitable way to
send a message to fellow workers, business partners, or friends. Messages could be sent and received at the
convenience of the individual. A letter that took several days to arrive could be read in minutes. Internet service
providers like America Online and CompuServe set up electronic chat rooms. These were open areas of cyberspace
where interested parties could join in a conversation with perfect strangers. "Surfing the net" became a pastime in and
of itself. Companies whose businesses are built on digitized information have become valuable and powerful in a
relatively short period of time; the current information age has spawned its own breed of wealthy influential brokers,
from Microsoft's Bill Gates to Apple's Steve Jobs to Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg.
Internet created a technological divide that increased the gap between the members of the higher class and
lower class of society. Those who could not afford a computer or a monthly access fee were denied these possibilities.
Many decried the impersonal nature of electronic communication compared to a telephone call or a handwritten letter.
Pornography is one of a crime that is necessary to be protected and avoided especially from children. Crimes in various
forms are rampant because of the use of social media. Cyber bullying is an issue that poses alarm worldwide.
The INTERNET is arguably the most prominent innovation of the Information Age. The internet changed the way
people do everything not. It has made people lazier, but it also makes a large amount of the population smarter. It has
made industrial countries stronger. With online companies being some of the most successful and economically
stimulating businesses out there, economies receive more from them and keep our the world turning. People are
becoming more mature and more educated due to things like the computer and the internet. This time period has
reshaped governments, with new technology being created every day. Government can now have more advanced and
effective militaries.
New laws had to be put in place to stop hacking, piracy, and identity theft. Impacts of the Information Age
Information age brought about many new inventions and Innovations. Many communication services like texting, email,
and social media developed and the world has not been the same since. People learn new languages easier and many
books have been translated into different language, so people around the world can become more educated However,
the Information Age is not all good. There are people in the world that believe they can live their entire life through the
internet. Also, huge criminal organizations rely on hacking into government systems and obtaining confidential
information to continue their way of life. Jobs have also become easier, and some jobs can even be done from the
comfort of your own home. The information age is also known as the Age of Entrepreneurship. Now entrepreneurs can
start and run a company easier than ever before. It also impacts our work ethics by distracting us and causing us to lose
the interest in the task we are doing.
There are various computer applications used in scientific research. Some of the most important applications
used in scientific research are data storage, data analysis, scientific simulations instrumentation control and knowledge
sharing.
Data Storage
Experimentation is the basis of scientific research. Every experiment in any of the natural sciences generates a
lot of data that needs to be stored and analyzed to derive important conclusions, to validate or disprove hypotheses.
Computers attached with experimental apparatuses, directly record data as it's generated and subject it to analysis
through specially designed software. Data storage is possible in SPSS data file, lotus spread sheet, excel spread sheet,
ASCII/DOS text file etc.
Data Analysis
Analyzing tons of statistical data is made possible using specially designed algorithms that are implemented by
computers. This makes the extremely time-consuming job of data analysis to be a matter of a few minutes. In genetic
engineering, computers have made the sequencing of the entire human genome possible. Data from different sources
can be stored and accessed via computer networks set up in research labs, which makes collaboration simpler.
Scientific Simulations
One of the prime uses of computers in pure science and engineering projects is the running of simulations. A
simulation is a mathematical modelling of a problem and a virtual study of its possible solutions. Problems which do not
yield themselves to experimentation can be studied through simulations carried out on computers. For example,
astrophysicists carry out structure formation simulations, which are aimed at studying how large-scale structures like
galaxies are formed. Space missions to the Moon, satellite launches and interplanetary missions are first simulated on
computers to determine the best path that can be taken by the launch vehicle and spacecraft to reach its destination
safely.
Instrumentation Control
Most advanced scientific instruments come with their own on-board computer, which can be programmed to
execute various functions. For example, the Hubble Space Craft has its own on-board computer system which is
remotely programmed to probe the deep space. Instrumentation control is one of the most important applications of
computers.
SPSS is the most popular tool for statisticians. SPSS stands for Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The latest
version of SPSS is IBM SPSS STATISTICS 20 (purchased by IBM after version 19).
A spread sheet is a computer application that simulates a paper worksheet. It displays multiple cells that
together make up a grid consisting of rows and columns, each cell containing either alphanumeric text or numeric
values. Microsoft Excel is popular spread sheet software. Others spread sheet packages are Lotus 1-2-3 Quattro Pro,
Javeline Plus, Multiplan, VisiCalc, Supercalc, Plan Perfect etc. Other Statistical Tools such as; SAS, S-Plus, LISREL, Eviews
etc.
Presentation Software
A presentation program is a computer software package used to display information, normally in the form of a
slide show. It typically includes three major functions: an editor that allows text to be inserted and formatted, a method
for inserting and manipulating graphic images and a slideshow system to display the content. The presentation packages
are Microsoft PowerPoint, Lotus Freelance Graphics, Corel Presentations, Apple keynote etc.
Browsers
A web browser is a software application which enables a user to display and interact with text, images, videos,
music, games and other information typically located on a Web page at a website on the World Wide Web or a local
area network. Examples are Microsoft Internet explorer, Mozilla firefox, Opera, Netscape navigator, Chrome (google
browser), Safari
Online Data Collection (To collect data online from different users)
Online forms, Online questionnaires, Online surveys
Collaboration tools
1. Skype : Voice and video conferencing
2. Google Hangouts :Voice and video conferencing
Modern electronic research tools, like Zotero and Evernote, make the collection of research data, and
collaboration between colleagues possible, which that in the past would have been difficult, expensive, or even
impossible. They also save large amounts of time citing and creating bibliographies. Evernote allows the user to capture
digital content, including web pages, PDF files or snippets of web pages, organize them, annotate them, share them,
publish them and search them.
The Internet contains a vast collection of highly valuable information but it may also contain unreliable, biased
information that mislead people. The following guidelines can help us to check the reliability of web sources that we
gather. Who is the author of the article/site? Look for an About or More About the Author link at the top, bottom, or
sidebar of the webpage. If no information about the authors of the page, be suspicious.
What is the importance of information age? It can improve the quality of human life because it can be used as
learning and education media, the mass communication media in promoting and campaigning practical and important
issues, such as the health and social area. It provides wider knowledge and can help in gaining and accessing
information. Changes of the Information Age. The information age has changed people, technology, science, economies,
culture, and even the way people think.
REFERENCES:
Chamanlal, M.J. 2014. Role of Computer Applications and Tools in the Scientific Research
Process. International Journal Of Research In Science And Technology Vol. 3 (5).
http://www.ijrst.com/images/short_pdf/Oct_2014_JATINKUMAR%20Dec%207.pdf
Serafica, J.P.J., Pawilen, G.T., Caslib, B.N.Jr., Alata, E.J.P. 2018. Science , Technology
and Society 1st Edition. Rex Bookstore, Inc.
MODULE 3 – Science, Technology, and Society
OVERVIEW:
Most of the time, it may seem impossible to really value species singly or in a detailed manner. But we have to consider
the entire Earth as a single unit. A loss of single-celled species or a family of wild grass can have adverse effects in the
entire biosphere. Biodiversity seen in macro level seems to be still vast and rich, yet if we look at it in micro-level, per
species, we have lost too much. Eventually, in the near future, this biodiversity loss will have a great negative effect
especially to us humans. “The value of biodiversity is the value of everything”.
OBJECTIVE:
DISCUSSION:
Biodiversity is defined as the vast variety of life forms in the entire Earth. It encompasses all kinds of life forms,
from the single-celled organisms to the largest multi-celled organisms. Its definition is in the structural and perspective
and not as individual species.
Another definition of biodiversity is “the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial,
marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are apart; this includes diversity
within species, between species, and of ecosystems. Biodiversity is the source of the essential goods and ecological
services that constitute the source of life for all and it has direct consumptive value in food, agriculture, medicine, and
inindustry.” (Villaggio Globale, 2009)
Understanding biodiversity within the concept of ecosystem needs a thorough study on the relationship of the
biotic, the living organisms and the abiotic , nonliving organisms. Interdisciplinary approach is needed to study the
ecosystem. Biodiversity plays a major role in this natural dynamics.
Changes in Biodiversity
A change in biodiversity could have erratic effects not only in wildlife or marine life but also in human beings. For
example, humans inhabiting the forest would disturb the natural order of life. Trees and plants would be affected in the
land- clearing operations where the houses would be built. The animals, insects, and all types of life forms in the cleared
area would either be displaced or most likely be killed. The loss of these life forms could affect the entire ecosystem
governing that environment. The food chain might be damaged. From this, we can clearly infer that when our ecosystem
is not well taken care of, biodiversity encounters changes that may impact human health on such different levels.
Threats to Biodiversity
There are major threats to biodiversity that were identified by the United Nations’ Environment Programme. These are
the following:
1. Habitat loss and destruction. Major contributing factor is the inhabation of human beings and the use of land for
economic gains.
2. Alterations in ecosystem composition. Alterations and sudden changes, either within species groups or within the
environment, could begin to change entire ecosystems. Alterations in ecosystems are a critical factor contributing
to species and habitat loss.
3. Over- exploitation. Over-hunting, overfishing, or over-collecting of species can quickly lead to its decline. Changing
consumption patterns of humans is often cited as the key reason for this unsustainable exploitation of natural
resources.
4. Pollution and contamination. Biological systems respond slowly to changes in their surrounding environment.
Pollution and contamination cause irreversible damage to species and varieties.
5. Global climate change. Both climate variability and climate change cause biodiversity loss. Species and populations
may be lost permanently if they are not provided with enough time to adapt to changing climatic conditions.
Consequences of Biodiversity
Intact ecosystems function best since the organisms composing them are specialized to function in that
ecosystem to capture, transfer, utilize and, ultimately, lose both energy and nutrients. The particular species making up
an ecosystem determine its productivity, affect nutrient cycles and soil contents, and influence environmental
conditions such as water cycles, weather patterns, climate, and other nonbiotic aspects. The loss of biodiversity has
many consequences that we understand, and many that we do not.it is apparent that humankind is willing to sustain a
great deal of biodiversity loss if there are concomitant benefits to society: we hope they are net benefits. In many cases,
the benefits seem to accrue to a few individuals only, with net societal loss. However, it is extremely difficult to estimate
the future costs of losses in biodiversity or of environmental damage.
As stated by Tilman, “The Earth will retain its most striking feature, its biodiversity, only if humans have the
prescience to do so. This will occur, it seems, only if we realize the extent to which we use biodiversity( Rainforest
Conservation Fund, 2017). “
Environment-Related Illnesses
Some human illnesses that are found to be related with its environment include Parkinson’s disease, heart
disease, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, diabetes, obesity, occupational injuries, dysentery,
arthritis, malaria, and depression.
According to experts, climate change could also have a serious impact on human health and could deteriorate
farming systems and reduce nutrients in some foods. Relationships between human health and the environment raise
many ethical, social, and legal dilemmas by forcing people to choose among competing values. Many of the issues at the
intersection of health and the environment have to do with managing benefits and risks. For example pesticides play an
important role in increasing crop yields, but they can also pose hazards to human health and the environment.
Alternatives to pesticide uses could significantly reduce agricultural productivity, leading to food shortages and
increased food prices which would, in turn increase starvation in some parts of the world.
When drafting and implementing environmental health regulations, it is important to consider vulnerable
subpopulations. A vulnerable subpopulation is a group with an increased susceptibility to the adverse effects of an
environmental risk factor, due to their age, genetics, health status, or some other condition. If an environmental
regulation is designed to protect average members of the population, it may fail to adequately protect vulnerable
subpopulations. However, almost everyone in the population has an above-average susceptibility to at least one
environmental risk factor.
Various public health strategies pit the rights of individuals against the good society, such as mandatory
treatment, vaccination, or diagnostic testing; isolation and quarantine; and decease surveillance.
Human right issues also come up with research on environmental health that evolves human subjects. For
research to be ethical, human subjects must give consent, and great care must be taken to ensure that they understand
that they can opt out of the research project. Since late 1990’s some pesticide companies have tested their products on
human subjects to gather data to submit to the government for regulatory purposes. Some commentators charge that
these experiments are unethical because they place people at unacceptably high risk without a clear benefit to society.
Others have argued that the experiments, if properly designed and implemented, could produce important benefits to
society by providing useful knowledge about the effects of pesticides that can lead to stronger regulations.
EVALUATION:
See attached activity sheet
REFERENCES:
Quinto, E. M., & Nieva, A. D. (2019). The Good Life. In Science, Technology, and Society. Quezon City: C and E Publishing.
Serafica, J.P.J., Pawilen, G.T., Caslib, B.N.Jr., Alata, E.J.P. 2018. Science , Technology and Society 1st Edition. Rex
Bookstore, Inc.
MODULE 3 – Science, Technology, and Society
OVERVIEW:
Nanotechnology refers to the science, engineering, and technology conducted at the nanoscale, which is 1 to
100 nanometers. Nanoscience and nanotechnology employs the study and application of exceptionally small things in
other areas of science including materials science, engineering, physics, biology, and chemistry.
OBJECTIVES:
DISCUSSION:
A nanometer is a billionth of a meter, or 10 -9 of a meter. The illustration below shows how small nanoscale is
compared to other particles or materials.
To give you some idea of the nanoscale, 10 hydrogen atoms laid side by side measure a nanometre across, a
strand of DNA is 2.5 nm in diameter, while a red blood cell is about 7000 nm wide. Need a few more examples? A human
hair is between 50,000 and 100,000 nanometres thick, a single sheet of paper is around 75,000 nanometres thick, while
a pinhead is around a million nanometres wide. If each person on Earth was the size of a nanometre, everyone on the
planet would fit into one Hot Wheels matchbox car. So you get the idea—nano is super, super tiny.
Nanoscience has the potential to reshape the world around us. It could lead to revolutionary breakthroughs in
fields ranging from manufacturing to health care. So the old adage might just be true after all—good things come in
small packages.
Scientists use special types of microscopes to view minute nanomaterials. During the early 1930s, scientists used
electron microscopes and field microscopes to look at the nanoscale. The scanning tunneling microscope and atomic
force microscope are just among the modern and remarkable advancements in microscopy.
1. Electron Microscope
2. Atomic force microscope (AFM)
3. Scanning tunneling microscope
Nanomanufacturing
It refers to scaled-up, reliable, and cost-effective manufacturing of nanoscale materials, structures, devices, and
systems. It also involves research, improvement,and incorporation of processes for the construction of materials.
Nanomanufacturing leads to the development of new products and improved materials.
1. Bottom-up fabrication – it manufactures products by building them up from atomic- and molecular-scale
components component.
2. Top-down fabrication – it trims down large pieces of materials into nanoscale. This process needs larger amount
of materials and discards excess raw materials.
New Approaches to the assembly of nanomaterials based from the application of principles in top-down and bottom-up
fabrication.
Dip pen lithography – it is a method in which the tip of an atomic force microscope is “dipped” into a chemical
fluid and then utilized to “write” on a surface, like an old-fashioned ink pen onto paper.
Self- assembly - it depicts an approach wherein a set of components join together to mold an organized
structure in the absence of an outside direction.
Chemical vapor deposition – it is a procedure wherein chemicals act in response to form very pure, high-
performance films.
Nanoimprint lithography - it is a method of generating nanoscale attributes by “ stamping” or “printing” them
onto a surface.
Molecular beam epitaxy- it is one manner for depositing extremely controlled thin films.
Roll-to- roll processing – it is high- volume practice for constructing nanoscale devices on a roll of ultrathin
plastic or metal.
Atomic layer epitaxy – it is a means for laying down one- atom- thick layers on a surface.
Concerns that need to be addressed before using and promoting materials derived from nanotechnology.
1. Who will benefit from it? On the other hand, who won’t?
2. For whom and what are your objectives for developing your product?
3. How will it affect social, economic, and political relationships?
4. What problem is your “product” trying to solve?
5. Who will have access to it? Who will be excluded?
6. Are there dangers involved with its development ( e.g. safety, health, pollution)? How can you minimize them?
7. Who will won it? How can you assure access to it?
EVALUATION:
REFERENCES:
Serafica, J.P.J., Pawilen, G.T., Caslib, B.N.Jr., Alata, E.J.P. 2018. Science , Technology
and Society 1st Edition. Rex Bookstore, Inc.
https://www.science.org.au/curious/technology-future/how-small-nanoscale-small
OVERVIEW:
Gene therapy is a method that may treat or cure genetic –related human illnesses. There are two forms of gene
therapy. One is somatic gene therapy which involves the manipulation of genes in cells that will be helpful to the patient
but not inherited to the next generation. The other is germ line gene therapy which involves the genetic modification of
germ cells or the origin cells that will pass the change to the next generation.
OBJECTIVES:
DISCUSSION:
An approach of treating diseases by either modifying the expressions of an individual’s genes or correction of
abnormal genes.
Replacing a mutated gene that causes disease with a healthy copy of the gene.
Inactivating, or “knocking out,” a mutated gene that is functioning improperly.
Introducing a new gene into the body to help fight a disease.
Human gene therapy was actually first realized in 1971 when the first recombinant DNA experiments were planned. It
can be simply viewed as insertion foreign DNA into a patient’s tissue that hope to successfully eradicate the targeted
disease. It was actually inspired by the success of recombinant DNA technology which occurred over the last 20 years.
Without a doubt, gene therapy is the most promising yet possibly unfavorable medical field being studied.
In general, gene cannot be directly inserted into a human gene or cell. A gene is inserted into another gene using
a carrier or vector. At present, the most common type of vectors are viruses that have been genetically changed to carry
normal human DNA. Viruses have evolved a way of encapsulating and transporting their genes to human cells in a
pathogenic manner.
There are ethical issues involved in gene therapy. Some of the inquiries cited are:
EVALUATION:
REFERENCES:
Serafica, J.P.J., Pawilen, G.T., Caslib, B.N.Jr., Alata, E.J.P. 2018. Science , Technology
and Society 1st Edition. Rex Bookstore, Inc.
https://www.slideshare.net/anniemirza14/gene-therapy-58257727
Name: ______________________________ Date of submission: _______________________
Instructor: ______________________________ Course/Year & Section: __________________
Subject:________________________________
Activity 1
A. Instructions: On the space provided, write whether you AGREE or DISAGREE with each statement.
__________ 2. The purpose of life is happiness.
__________ 3. Happiness comes from pleasure, wealth, and recognition.
__________ 4. Happiness means merely feeling good or joyful.
__________ 5. The reason is an important element of human happiness.
__________ 6. To achieve happiness, humans must pursue only extremely positive things.
__________ 7. A life of happiness is a result of a balance between two extremes.
__________ 8. A happy life is a virtuous life.
__________ 9. Intellectual and moral virtues are the ingredients of happiness.
__________ 10.It is not the role of science and technology to guide humans toward a virtuous life.
__________ 11. Ethical standards must be imposed upon science and technology to avoid excesses and deficiencies.
B. Answer correctly:
1. How do people cope with the present changes in the world with the advent of a technological revolution?
2. Is there a need to critically reflect on what we are experiencing now that we are exposed to technology?
4. Cut out pictures in magazines or newspapers that demonstrate how technology has made the man’s desire for a
happy life more realizable. You may opt to print out pictures from websites and other sources. Explain how
these technological advancements have made the campaign for the attainment of good life easier or otherwise.
(Note: Use long bond paper)
Name: ______________________________ Date of submission: _______________________
Instructor: ______________________________ Course/Year & Section: __________________
Subject:________________________________
Activity 1
A. Modified True or False. Direction: Write T if the statement is True and if the statement is false underline the
word/ phrase that makes the statement false.
____1. Almost living organism are dependent to their environment to live and reproduce.
____2. Biodiversity is defined as the vast variety of life forms in the entire earth.
____3. Respect for societal and cultural diversity implies for biological diversity as both elements are intimately
interconnected.
____4. Basic needs of living organism are air, water, food and habitat are provided by each environment.
____5. Human health ultimately depends upon ecosystem product and services.
____6. The interrelationship between human health and biological diversity is considerable and complex.
____7. Health is our most basic human right.
____8. A loss of single celled species or a family of wild grass can have adverse effect in the entire biosphere.
____9. The value of biodiversity is the value of everything.
____10. Although the environment sustains human life it can also cause diseases.
B. Venn diagram.
List down several concepts that the society or human beings benefit from biodiversity. On the other
circle, enumerate the different challenges and disadvantages that biodiversity suffers as we work our way to
acquire the benefits. On the space where the two circles meet, list down possible ways and strategies on how
we could acquire these benefits and needs without comprising the growth process of biodiversity.
Name: ______________________________ Date of submission: _______________________
Instructor: ______________________________ Course/Year & Section: __________________
Subject:________________________________
A. Modified True or False. Write True if the statement is True and False otherwise and justify your answer in one or two
sentence only.
1. Pornography is one of crimes that is necessary to be protected and avoided especially from adult.
2. SAS is an example for data analysis in scientific research.
3. Spreadsheets computer application used for composition, editing, formatting, and possibly printing of
documents while word processing simulates a paper worksheet.
4. Evernote and Zotero basically used for documentation management
5. A web browser is a mobile software application which enables a user to display and interact with text, images,
videos, music, and games.
6. Firebird is an example of search engine.
7. Hubble Space Craft computer system which is remotely programmed to probe the deep space is an example
computer simulation.
8. Online questionnaires are used as collaboration tools in scientific research.
9. Internet created a technological divide that increased the gap between the members of the higher class and
lower class of society.
10. Worldwide system of interconnected networks developed by the Bill Gates.
B. Matching Type. Match column A to column B. Write your answer on the space provided. Write the letter of your
answer.
Column A Column B
___1. Perform common computer A Mainframes
applications such as databases, email,
multimedia, and schedulers
___2. Are used especially by large firms to B Server
describe the large, expensive machines that
process millions of transactions every day
that occupies one room
___3. Refers to a computer that has been C Wearable
improved to provide network services to Computers
other computers.
___4. These are portable computers that D Personal Digital
integrate the essential of a desktop Assistants
computer in a battery-powered package
___5. Set up in a permanent given spot and E Laptops
offer more storage than, power, and
versatility than their portable versions.
___6. These are tightly integrated F Short messaging
computers that usually have no keyboards
but rely on a touch screen for user input and
smaller than a paperback, lightweight, and
battery-powered
___7. A single-user instrument were first G Personal
known as microcomputers since they were a Computer
complete computer
___8. An example of new way of H iCore computer
communications to send document files. I Desktop
J Computer