• Condition monitoring of ball and roller bearings using

the patented SPM method (Shock Pulse Method)

• Vibration monitoring
• Machinery alignment
• Maintenance instruments

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A complete approach to condition monitoring

• Engineering • Planning
support • Installation
• Customer service
• Training

• Instrument
use
• Software

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 DOWNTIME
CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

TIME BASED MAINTENANCE

PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE

PROACTIVE MAINTENANCE

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Work

Time
1 Many breakdowns - little planning
2 Introduction Predictive Maintenance
3 Few breakdowns - planning
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Causes of machine failure
• 50% Bearing problems

• 20% Misalignment

• 20% Unbalance

• 10% Other reasons

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5000 h 50 000 h

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Causes of bearing failure

• 40% Lubrication

• 30% Vibration

• 20% Installation faults

• 10% Fatigue failure

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 Lubrication Bearing Installation
Machine Bearing
Alignment Damage

Operating Condition
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 GEOMETRIC
STATIC AND PRELOAD ALIGNMENT QUALITY OF
BEARING
DYNAMIC BEARING GEOMETRIC
LOAD HOUSE & SHAFT QUALITY

LUBRICANT ROLLING
LUBRICANT TEMPERATURE TOTAL LOAD
SUPPLY VELOCITY

LUBRICANT FILM

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Bearing condition
Machine vibration
Rotational speed

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 Shock Pulse Method

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 Vibration

10 - 1000 Hz
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Instrument operation,
Input data
and
Output results
 Instrument operation
• Input data required for Analyser:
1. Norm No. (10 - 58) : Calculated by instrument after giving
bearing number and RPM

2. Type No. (1 - 8) : Depends upon bearing geometry.

3. Comp. No. (-30 - +30) : To calibrate the measuring point

location

4. Accumulation No. (1 – 9) : To define the instrument measuring

cycle time

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 Instrument operation
• Input data required for Tester:

1. Shaft diameter (Bearing inner diameter, Maximum 1999mm)

2. Rotational speed of bearing (RPM, 10 – 19999 RPM)

3. dBi – Decibel initial value is calculated by the instrument after

giving shaft diameter and RPM input. (-9 to 40)

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 Output results from the instrument
1. Normalized results - Needs certain input data to
evaluate the bearing
condition.

2. Un Normalized results - No need of any data input.

Instrument displays the
absolute shock pulse
magnitude in decibel scale

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 Output results
• Normalized results - Analyser:

1. Code : A/B/C/D or E2/E3/E5

2. Lub No. : 0 – 40 Indicates lubricant film thickness

3. Cond No. : 20 – 65 Indicates severity of bearing damage

4. LR : Lower occurrence rate, Decibel shock value of the

shock pulses whose occurrence rate is 45 pulses per
second. (-19 to 99 dBsv.)

5. HR : Higher occurrence rate, Decibel shock value of the

shock pulses whose occurrence rate is 1000 pulses per
second. (-19 to 99 dBsv.)
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 Output results
• Normalized results - Tester:

1. dBm : Decibel maximum value, Decibel shock value of the

shock pulses whose occurrence rate is 5 pulses per
second. (-9 to 60 dBN)
dBm = dBsv – dBi

2. dBc : Decibel carpet value, Decibel shock value of the

shock pulses whose occurrence rate is 300 pulses per
second. (-9 to 60 dBN)

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 Output results
• Un Normalized results -

1. Analyser: Only LR and HR values are displayed when “0”

NORM NO. input is given to the instrument. These
values can be trended to evaluate the bearing condition.

2. Tester : Only decibel shock values are displayed when “--”

dBi input is given to the instrument. These values can
be trended to evaluate the bearing condition.

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 Evaluation
Of
Shock Pulse Readings
Three steps in evaluation
of readings
• Trending
• Comparing
• Normalising

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 Three steps in evaluation
of readings
• Trending
1. Collect SPM & VIB readings over a period of time.
2. Plot the graphs and see the variation.

• Comparing
1. Compare readings of similar machines.
2. Compare SPM readings with VIB readings and analyze.

• Normalizing
1. Establish own limits after hands on experience on the same
machine

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Pressure variation translated into shock pulse pattern

The filtered transducer signal reflects the

pressure variation in the contact
area.

When the oil film in the bearing is thick,

the shock pulse level is low,
without distinctive peaks.

The level increases when the oilfilm is

reduced, but there are still no
distinctive peaks.

Damage causes strong pulses at irregular

intervals.

One can liken the three shock pulse

patterns to the vibrations felt in a
car while driving on a) a smooth
road surface, b) a rough road
surface, c) a road full of potholes.
potholes.

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Shock pulse pattern of a good bearing

Good Bearing :

Code : A (Green Zone)

Lub No : 1 – 40

1. Low LR and HR values

2. LR – HR = dB
3. dB value is ideal 4 – 8 dB
4. Trend shows no variation or
minor change in LR/HR

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Shock pulse pattern of a Poor lubricated bearing

Poor Lubricated Bearing :

Code : B (Yellow Zone)

Lub No : 0 or 1
Cond : 20 to 30

1. High HR values, close to LR

2. LR – HR = dB
3. dB value is < 4 dB
4. Trend shows gradual increase
in HR reading.
5. Increase in bearing temperature

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Shock pulse pattern of a damaged bearing

Damaged Bearing :

Code : C or D (Yellow or Red)

Cond No. : 30 to 65

1. High LR values, Distinctive peaks

in shock pulse pattern.
2. LR – HR = dB
3. dB value is > 10dB
4. Trend shows gradual increase
in LR reading.
5. Increase in bearing temperature

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ERROR CODES - E2 / E3 / E5
 Error Codes
1. E2 – External disturbance like cavitation, scraping of loose parts,
gear noise, steam screaming, rubbing etc.

2. E3 – Signal low.

3. E5 – Norm No. too low. Norm No. should be more than 18 to

obtain evaluated results with probe.

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1

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2

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3A

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3B

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4

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5

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6

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 Scraping
coupling

Bearing
Replacement

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 VIBRAMETER
ISO 2372
KLASSE 3 4.8
mm/s

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Small Weak
force foundation

Large Stiff
force foundation

Structural
looseness

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 Frequency
Hz

Displacement
mm

Acceleration
m / s2

Velocity
mm / s
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 Class Class Class Class
Limits II III IV V

II Medium size machines without special foundations

III Large machines on rigid foundations
IV Large machines on soft foundations
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 ISO 2372
Class Class Class Class Class Class
Limits

1 Step

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 Vibration severity Breakdown

Vibration
+ 4 steps
measurement
(Shutdown)
Effect repaires
+ 3 steps Report dangerous increase
Plan major
overhaul
+ 2 steps Report large increase
Inspection,
minor repairs
+ 1 step Report change

Routine Maintenance
maintenance
Normal
(lubrication, etc.) activities

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 Speed measurement
RPM, optical:
Speed reading
Distance max. 0.6 m

RPM
3650 rpm

Reflecting
tape

RPM, contact center:

Hold against shaft center

Peripheral, contact wheel:

Multiply reading by wheel factor
TAD-12 0.1 m/min.
TAD-13 0.1 yd./min.
TAD-17 0.5 ft./min.

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71505 B Copyright SPM 1997.

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Shock Pulse Analyzer - A2011

In addition to the T2001, it provides

- Lubrication condition analysis
- Damage severity readings of bearings

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The Benefits

Direct evaluation
Bearing condition
Lubrication condition
Installation quality
Approx. rpm and shaft dia

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 PC

COMMUNICATION T-500.01 BEARING TEST VIBRAMETER

TIME GUIDE ROLL 01 TS ISO 2372
VERSION 1st drying dBm 15 CLASS 2 2.5
SETUP SPM dBc 4 dBi 9 mm/s
001

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 LR/HR
TYPE 3

Mean diameter dm
TYPE
RPM
COMP

TYPE 1
LR
HR

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 SPM measurement - Analyzer
Basic data 1, Analyzer

Bearing data
Evaluation frame, NORM 18 ACC 3
depending on TYPE 1 TLT on
TYPE COMP 4

Basic data 2, Analyzer

Bearing data
NORM -- ISO xx100
TYPE 3 rpm
COMP 4 Dm 87 mm

COMP = Compensation LR/HR reading

Condition: SPM
red - bad, CODE D CODE B ACC 3
yellow - caution, CODE B, C LUB 4 LR 27
green - good, CODE A COND -- HR 23

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Shock Pulse Method

Good bearing

Dry running

Damaged bearing
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Vibration severity
Machine class 1 to 6 Vibration severity
according to ISO (VDI, BS)
VIB
ISO 10816
Class 2 2.76

mm /s
Change class

Limits Class Class Class Class

Condition:
red
yellow
green

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Shock Pulse Tester - T2001

Performs
- Bearing condition monitoring
- Vibration severity monitoring to detect
imbalance, misalignment & looseness
- rpm measurement
Benefits
- Instant indication of bearing condition
- General machine condition
- Data logging facility

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 PC

COMMUNICATION T-500.01 BEARING TEST VIBRAMETER

TIME GUIDE ROLL 01 TS ISO 2372
VERSION 1st drying dBm 15 CLASS 2 2.5
SETUP SPM dBc 4 dBi 9 mm/s
001

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TACHOMETER

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PEG 38

LEV

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 BEARING TEST
EARPHONE
VOLUME 5

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 Peak indicator Earphone

dBn

Altered shock level Earphone display

SPM SPM
Probe
dBm 43 (38) Earphone
dBc 26 dBi 26 Level 69 dBsv

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Vibration severity
Machine class 1 to 6 Vibration severity
according to ISO (VDI, BS)
VIB
ISO 10816
Class 2 2.76

mm /s
Change class

Limits Class Class Class Class

Condition:
red
yellow
green

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SPM Route
VIB Input data
RPM Readings

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 SPM measurement - Tester
TLT = Transducer line test Basic data, Tester
19 and more good Bearing data
15 - 18 acceptable TLT On
below 15 unacceptable 3000 rpm
90 dmm dBi 26

Normalized measuring scale

dBsv - dBi = dBn dBm/dBc display

dBs
SPM
v
TLT 20
dBm 16
dBn dBc 9 dBi 26

dBm

dBc

dBi

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Tester & Analyzer
dBm / dBc LR / HR
TESTER ANALYZER

same signal
at
different levels

dBm
LR
dBc HR

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Continuous Monitoring Systems
- CMS
Provides continuous monitoring of
- Bearing condition
- Machine condition to detect
imbalance, misalignment &
looseness
- rpm
- Analog signals
Can
- contain up to 250 measuring units
- cover 4000 measuring points

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Continuous Surveillance System

1:22
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CMM

TMM

VMM BMM BMM

DMM

PLC

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CMM
Stand-alone machine surveillance units
Monitors…
- Bearing condition using shock pulse
- vibration severity using rms velocity
Provides a 4-20 mA output signal
Signals control the process via the PLC
Straight forward & inexpensive solution in
- Remote areas
- Unmanned pumping stations
- air compressors etc.
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 Condmaster Software
Measuring Import /
Rounds Export
Bearing
Catalogue
Standard Network
Comments Capability

Alarm Lubmaster Fault Printouts /

List Statistics Graphics
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 More than 700 instruments in the
market
CEMENT ACC, CCI, Gujarat Ambuja, India Cem, Madras Cem.
CHEMICAL GSFC, KRIBCO, Nocil, RCF, Tata chemicals
ENGINEERING ABB, BHEL, HMT, L&T, M&M, MUL, Siemens
MARINE INDIAN NAVY, Madras Port Trust, Vizag Post Trust
PAPER BILT, Century Pulp, HNP, ITC, TNPL
PETROCHEM BPCL, HPCL, IOCL, IPCL, MRL, MPL, RIL, SPL
POWER AEC, APSEB, BSES, MSEB, NTPCs, NPC, TEC
RAILWAYS Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, Central
STEEL ESSAR, ISPAT, SAIL, TISCO, Vikram Ispat, VSP
OTHERS Arvind Mills, Asian Paints, HLL, Nestle, P&G
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 Lubrication Bearing Installation

Machine Bearing
Alignment Damage

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Shock Pulse Method

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Bearing life

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 Product Range
T2001 A2011

CMM

CMS

Software-
Condmaster
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