Cry of

Balintawak
or
Pugadlawin
 CRY

EL GRITO DE REBELION (CRY OF REBELION)

DECISION OR CALL TO REVOLT
REFERRED TO THE FIRST CLASH OF THE
KATIPUNEROS AND THE CIVIL GUARDS
ALSO REFER TO THE TEARING UP OF
COMMUNITY TAX CERTIFICATES (CEDULAS
PERSONALES) TEODORO AGONCILLO
“VIVA LA INDEPENDENCIA FILIPINA”
 ASSERTED DATES AND LOCATIONS
PERSON PLACE DATE

L.T. Olegario Diaz Balintawak August 25, 1896

Teodoro Kalaw Kangkong, Balintawak Last week of

August
Santiago Alvarez Bahay Toro, Quezon City
August 24, 1896

Pio Valenzuela Pugadlawin

August 23, 1896

Gregorio Zaide Balintawak August 26, 1896

Teodoro Agoncillo (according Pugadlawin August 23, 1896

to statements of Valenzuela)
Research (Milagros Guerrero, Tandang Sora's barn in August 24, 1896
Emmanuel Encarnacion, Gulod, Barangay Banlat,
Ramon Villegas Quezon City
LEGAL DOCUMENT
 TEARING OF CEDULAS

Most also give the date of the cédula-tearing as

August 26, in close proximity to the first encounter.
Guillermo Masangkay, claimed cédulas were torn
more than once – on the 24th as well as the 26th.
 FORMATION OF AN INSURGENT GOV’T

An alternative definition of the Cry as the "birth of

the Filipino nation state" involves the setting up of a
national insurgent government through the
Katipunan with Bonifacio as President in Banlat,
Pasong Tamo on August 24, 1896 – after the tearing
of cedulas but before the first skirmish. This was
called the Haring Bayang Katagalugan (Sovereign
Tagalog Nation).
 WHY BALINTAWAK?

People of Balintawak initiated the revolution against

the Spaniards that is why it is not appropriate to call it
‘Cry of Pugad Lawin’.
The place Pugad Lawin only existed in 1935 after the
rebellion happened in 1896.
The term ‘Pugad Lawin’ was only made up because of
the hawk’s nest at the top of a tall tree at the backyard
of Tandang Sora in Banlat, Gulod, Kaloocan where it
is said to be one of the hiding places of the
revolutionary group led by Andres Bonifacio.
 OTHER CRIES

In 1895, Bonifacio, Masangkay, Emilio Jacinto and

other Katipuneros spent Good Friday in the caves of
Mt. Pamitinan in Montalban (now part of Rizal
province). They wrote "long live Philippine
independence" on the cave walls, which some
Filipino historians consider the "first cry" (el primer
grito).
 COMMEMORATION

The Cry is commemorated as National Heroes' Day, a

public holiday in the Philippines.
The first annual commemoration of the Cry occurred in
Balintawak in 1908 after the American colonial
government repealed the Sedition Law. In 1911 a
monument to the Cry (a lone Katipunero popularly
identified with Bonifacio) was erected at Balintawak; it
was later transferred to Vinzons Hall in the University
of the Philippines-Diliman, Quezon City. In 1984, the
National Historical Institute of the Philippines
installed a commemorative plaque in Pugad Lawin.