Professional Documents
Culture Documents
LEONARDO RONDEROS
FEBRERO 2020
SANTA MARTA
1
CARACTERISTICASQUE LO
DIFERENCIAN DE LOS OTROS MODOS
(TERRESTRE, ACUATICO)
◦ VALOR DE LOS PRODUCTOS
◦ PESO Y VOLUMEN
◦ COSTO DEL FLETE
◦ RAPIDEZ
◦ INTERMODALISMO
INDISPENSABLE
3
MODO DE TRANSPORTE AEREO
Volumen o peso
maritimo
ferreo
carretera
aereo
Valor unitario
4
Relacion de modo y costo
AEREO
AUTOTRANSPORTE
COSTO
$/KG. INTERMODAL
FERROCARRIL
MARITIMO
COSTO DE INVENTARIO
5
CARGA Y PASAJEROS LO
COMPARTEN
REGULAR Y NO REGULAR (CHARTER)
◦ ¿ PUEDE HABLARSE DE SERVICIOS
REGULARES EN CARGA?
DOMESTICO E INTERNACIONAL
7
COURIER / COURRIER
MENSAJERIA ESPECIALIZADA
ENVIOS URGENTES
CAMBIO NORMAS ADUANERAS (TLC)
◦50 KILOS
◦2.000 USD
◦6 uds del mismo tipo
8
IATA
9
BOGOTÁ BOG
CALI CLO
MEDELLÍN MDE
BUENOS AIRES BUE
MIAMI MIA
NUEVA YORK NYC
FRANKFORT FRA
HONG KONG HKG
NUEVA DELHI DEL
10
AMERICAN AIRLINES AA 001 AAL
AVIANCA AV 134 AVA
MARTIN AIR HOLLAND MP 129 MPH
LUFTHANSA CARGO LH 020 GEK
CONTINENTAL AIRLINES CO 005 COA
BRITISH AIRWAYS BA 125 BAW
CARGOLUX AIRLINES CV 172 CLX
11
DIFERENTES TIPOS DE CARGA ESPECIAL
12
ULD
DGR
PERECEDEROS
ANIMALES VIVOS
Air Waybill Handbook
The reference guide for
completion of air waybills
all resolutions and
recommended practices
endorsed by the IATA
Each entry of the air waybill
is explained in detail for
classification, customs, tax,
insurance and payment.
14
ULD Technical Manual
Maintain the efficiency &
safety of ULDs
ULD loading instructions,
maximum aircraft contours,
ULD marking specifications,
construction requirements for
pallets, nets and containers are
only few examples of the wealth
of information you can find in
the ULD Technical Manual.
15
Perishable Cargo Manual
Minimize damage to shipments
and equipment, it is the
reference guide for the
preparation, packaging and
handling of perishables for air
transportation. requirements for
chilled and frozen goods,
specifications for seafood and
design concepts for world-class
perishable centers
16
Live Animal Regulations
(LAR)
Recognized as THE international
standard for transport of animals by air, is
an essential source on how to ship
animals safely, sensitively and cost-
effectively.
specifies the minimum requirements for
the international transport of animals and
wildlife, and indicates what precautions
airlines, shippers, cargo agents and
animal care professionals should take on
the ground and in the air.
17
Dangerous Goods
Regulations
IATA's Dangerous Goods
Regulations is the globally
accepted field source
reference for companies
shipping hazardous materials
by air. The annual publication
provides the most
comprehensive, up-to-date
and user-friendly information
on the subject.
18
19
◦ 1 Explosivos : Petardos, juegos artificiales, munición,
balas de fuego, luces de bengala, etc.
◦ 2 Gases : Extintores, Bombas de Camping gas Aerosoles,
Spray, Inhaladores, Encendedores, Botellas de Oxigeno o
de aire comprimido.
◦ 3 Líquidos Inflamables : Adhesivos, Pegamentos, Acetona,
Pinturas, Resinas, Barnices, Productos Petrolíferos,
Productos de Perfumería.
◦ 4 Sólidos Inflamables: Cerillas, Polvos Metálicos (Zinc,
Magnesio), Litio, Sodio, Carbón Activado.
◦ 5 Sustancias Oxidantes y Peróxidos Orgánicos:
Fertilizantes, Nitrato Amoniaco, Cloro, Generadores de
Oxigeno.
25
6 Tóxicos y Sustancias infecciosas : Pesticidas,
Herbicidas, Desinfectantes, sangre contaminada,
muestras infectadas.
7 Material Radioactivo : Detectores de humo, Plutonio,
Uranio y aquellos que generan radiación ionizante.
8 Corrosivos : Ácidos, bases, Mercurio, Amoniaco,
Limpiadores de hogar, Baterías.
9 Mercancías Peligrosas Varias: material magnetizado,
juegos de química, hielo seco, motocicletas, vehículos,
equipos de salvamento
26
28
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30
IMPORTACION
LA AEROLINEA RECIBE EN ORIGEN LA CARGA
Y LA PALETIZA …
AGENTE DE CARGA
AGENTE DE CARGA
CLIENTE
31
AL LLEGAR A DESTINO EN COLOMBIA EN EL
AEROPUERTO LA CARGA SE ORGANIZA POR
DEPOSITOS Y SE REMITE A CADA DEPOSITO,
ZONA FRANCA…O SE HACE
“EXCEPCIONALMENTE” DESCARGUE DIRECTO
DESCARGUE DIRECTO
PREVISTOS EN EL
DEPOSITOS
ADUANEROS
CLIENTE
AGENTE DE CARGA
CLIENTE
CLIENTE
33
AL LLEGAR A DESTINO EN EL AEROPUERTO
LA CARGA SE HACE DESCARGUE DIRECTO Y
EXCEPCIONALMENTE ENTREGA A DEPOSITOS INBOND
DESCARGUE DIRECTO
DEPOSITOS IN BOND
34
UNIT LOAD DEVICE
35
ULD
◦PALLETS
◦ULD
◦REFRIGERATED ULD
◦LIVE ANIMAL CRATE
36
DIFERENTES A LOS MARITIMOS POR PESO Y
DIMENSIONES
NORMALMENTE MATERIALES LIVIANOS
ESTANDARIZADOS POR TIPO DE AVION
37
38
39
40
41
AIRWAYBILL
AWB
CONOCIMIENTO DE EMBARQUE
AEREO
42
43
USOS O FUNCIONES DE LA GUIA AEREA
•Evidencia y prueba de Contrato de
Transporte
•Prueba del recibo de la carga para su
transporte
•Factura de Fletes
•Certificación y prueba para el seguro
•Conocimiento de embarque
•Guía para los funcionarios de la(s) aerolínea
(s) manejen, despachen y entreguen la carga.
44
TIPOS DE GUIAS AEREAS según
su uso
•Guia Master : cuando amparan un
consolidado MAWB.
58
CONTRATAR POR PRECIO MAYORISTA
UNA UNIDAD DE CARGA
◦ CONTENEDOR,
◦ PALLET
CONSEGUIR CARGAS DE DIVERSOS
GENERADORES DE CARGA
OFRECIENDOLES UN PRECIO INFERIOR AL
QUE OBTENDRIAN DIRECTAMENTE CON
LOS TRANSPORTADORES
59
Agene de Carga(AC) negocia con el
transportador ULDs a un precio A
60
Los TRANSPORTADORES no quieren buscar
cargas individuales…
◦ prefieren que un intermediario haga el trabajo
comercial
61
El transportador emite (el AC cumple su
funcion de agente para este efecto) SU
documento de transporte denominado
MASTER
El consolidador (AC) emite SUS documentos
62
MAWB = Master Air
Waybill
$400
HAWB
2 tons
$100 MAWB
HAWB
7 tons $1000
$600
64
Modo de transporte diferente a los demas?
En que es diferente?
66
67
E-FREIGHT
E-CARGO
◦www.iata.org
What is a claim?
Is the expression in writing submitted by the
customer to the Airline due to the dissatisfaction
in handling your cargo.
What are the deadlines for filing a claim?
Based on the Warsaw or Montreal Convention
(as applicable), the deadlines to file a claim from
the moment that the goods arrives to their
destination are:
•Pilferage:14 calendar days
•Damage: 14 calendar days
•Delay: 21 calendar days
•Loss: 120 calendar days from the date the airway bill
was issued
The claims filed beyond the time limits before
mentioned, will be denied automatically
How to file a claim?
If you want to report an incident regarding your
cargo, even if you do not have the exact value of
the loss and/or damage or sufficient details and
supporting documents to initiate the analysis of
your claim, you must notify your protest within
the terms established to avoid your claim from
being out of the time limits
If you have previously submitted a preliminary notice of
claim through our claims webpage and you already
know the exact value of the loss and/or damages, you
must file it going to the following form, option "Client",
and then click on "Update Claim", otherwise you may
submit the update of your claim to the nearest Avianca
Cargo Station.
It is important to take into account that the Cargo Report
Center will not analyze your case until you informe the
amount claimed and send all documents that support
such claim
Who can file a claim?
A formal claim must be filed by the consignee
whose name appears on the Master Air Waybill.
If the agent, the shipper or a third party wishes to
do so, the consignee must assign the rights by
sending a letter signed by the company legal
representative.