“Organizational Sustainability

through
Knowledge Transferability ”
Supervisor:
Muhammad Nauman Abbasi
IMS, BZU, Multan.

Researcher:
Muhammad Bilal Akber Siddiqui
MB2-09-59
 Objectives of research
• Prevailing trend of technology in retail
sector of Pakistan.
• To find out the extent of usage of
technology in retail sector of Pakistan.
• Hurdles in implementation of technology.
• Impact of technology on retail operations.
 Literature Review
Involvement of information & Technology

According to (Vikas Saraf, Applications of

Information Technology in Retailing, 2007)
technology is involved in almost al aspects
specially in

• Forecasting
• Inventory Management
• Store Management
• Logistics Management
• Returns Management
 Benefits of using technologies
• Reduce shrinkage
• Reduced material
handling.
• Increased data
accuracy
• Improved information
sharing
• Production tacking
• Lower inventory
Source: (Zare, Y. M. (2009).
• Quality control
• Supply and
production control
• Material handeling.
• Space utiliazation
• Assets management
• Reduced stock out
• Customer services
• after sales services
 New retail technologies and
equipments
• RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
• SOS (Smart Operating Systems)
• PSA (Personal Selling Assistant)
• DAD (Digital Advertisement Display)
• POS (Point of Sale)
 Benefits of RFID
Main benefits of RFID can be listed as (Ranky, P. G.
(2006).:
• Improving the speed and accuracy for tracking pallets,
• Boxes and containers;
• Helping to reduce stock levels;
• Helping to reduce operating costs;
• Improving the management of inventory;
• Improving efficiency in work-in-process (WIP)
• Reporting; and
• Improving inventory visibility to feed JIT systems.
 Methodology
• Questionnaire was designed to gather the data.
Population:
All retail markets in the selected cities which are
conduction their retail operations through any
automated system of technological instrument.
Selected cities:
• Karachi
• Lahore
• Islamabad
• Multan
 Methodology
Sample and sampling technique:
The sample of 60 respondents (Retailers) was
selected to fill the questionnaires through the
sampling technique of “Random Sampling”
among selected cities.
Analytical tool:
For analysis of the data standard deviation are
used. Other then S.D bar chart and pie charts
are used for graphical presentation of results.
RESULTS & ANALYSIS
Most frequent operating system
Win 2000

Win XP

Win XP 90%
Win 2000 10%
Software Development

Internationally

Locally

Standardized 90%
Customized 10%
Software Category

Customized

Standardized

Standardized 90%
Customized 10%
 Usage of Technologies
0.595238095
14.28571429

26.78571429
0.595238095

17.26190476

19.04761905

21.42857143

RFID SOS PSA DAD POS DBC EPT VCM

0.59 14.2 0.59 17.2 0.0 21.4 19.0 26.78
 Cost Reduction
0.900 0.818
0.800 0.717
0.700
0.600 0.554
0.471
0.500
0.400
0.300
0.200
0.100
0.000
Operational cost salary cost communication Other Costs
cost
 Reliability
0.520
0.500
0.500

0.480

0.460

0.440 0.433

0.420

0.400

0.380
Operations Other Reliability
 ACCURACY
0.700
0.583 0.588
0.600 0.554

0.500
0.423
0.400

0.300

0.200

0.100

0.000
Documentations billing Reports Error reduction
 Customer Relationship
Management
1.000 0.948
0.900 0.789
0.800 0.712
0.671
0.700
0.600 0.500
0.500
0.400
0.300
0.200
0.100
0.000
Managing Improved higher higher Others CRM
CDB experience perceived satisfaction
quality
 Inventory Management
1.000
0.892
0.900 0.834
0.800
0.700
0.589
0.600
0.500
0.400
0.300
0.200
0.100 0.010
0.000
inventory placement theft Other Invt mgt
tracking
 Competitiveness
0.708 0.706
0.706
0.704 0.703
0.702
0.700
0.698
0.696 0.695

0.694
0.692
0.690
0.688
Setting prices Retail services Efficiency in orders
 Profitability
0.700 0.632
0.600
0.506
0.500

0.400

0.300

0.200

0.100

0.000
Higher sales Higher profitability
 Others
0.900
0.785
0.800
0.693
0.700
0.583 0.586
0.600
0.500
0.400
0.300
0.200
0.100
0.000
Improved image Service Market Queue
differentiation transparency minimization
 Conclusion
Cost Effectiveness: In cost effectiveness a dissimilar
variable exists that is of communication. Having
Standard Deviation of [ S.D = 0.818 ] which shows that
technology is not contributing its good enough role in
conducting retail operations as other variables are
contributing. The reason for not contributing in retail
operations is that in Pakistan’s retail sector is not much
sophisticated so that high communication is not required.
Reliability: Reliability is the key and leading factor for
accuracy. From the results it can be conclude that In
terms of reliability technology in playing a vital role to
conduct the retail operations.
 Conclusion
Accuracy: it is obvious that technology provides
accuracy in operations, similarly in retail
operations technology is contributing its role
drastically.
Customer Relationship Management: Some
times it becomes basic factor of success for an
organization to manage its customer data base.
In retail sector of Pakistan CDBM is not being
maintained by many retailers, but some of
retailers are now maintaining their customer data
base.
 Conclusion
Inventory Management: According to results it is
proved that retailers are maintaining their
inventory through different smart softwares and
technological equipments.
Competitiveness: As the current era is the era of
competition retailers are competing their
competitors with the help of technologies. Their
operations become more speedy and accurate
which leads to higher profits and customer
satisfaction.
 Conclusion
Profitability: Results are showing a good
impact of technology in conducting retail
operations. As technology implementation
in retail outlets caused cost reductions,
this cost reduction automatically leads to
lower prices along with higher profits.
 Recommendations
• Retailers of Pakistan must accept the
technological change and change themselves
accordingly. They must show flexibility towards
these kinds of technological changes.
• Sudden change is quite impossible for them so
that they must adopt technology gradually.
• Those retailers which are facing problems of
customer retention must maintain their customer
database to retain their customers.