CLIMATOLOGY

Coordinator:-Asst. Prof. Gaurav Goyal

CLIMATE
• region with certain conditions of temperature,
dryness, wind, light, etc.
• An integration in time of the physical states of
the atmospheric environment, characteristic
of a certain geographical location.

WEATHER
• the momentary state of the atmospheric
environment at a certain location.
CLIMATE could be defined as 'the
integration in time of WEATHER
conditions'.
LATITUDE
• Angular
distance of a
place from
equator.
• Concentric.
• Called
PARALLELS as
well.
LATITUDE
Reason for Season = TILTED Earth
Summer and Winter Solstice
LONGITUDE
• Angular distance of
a place from prime
meridian.
• Also called
Meridians.
• 0 deg. = Greenwich
in UK
• 180 deg =
International date
line.
International Date Line
Heat Budget
• The average
temperature of earth
15 deg C.
• Earth maintains influx
and outflux of energy,
but out-flux is not
immediate, it has long
time gap. That is why,
the temp. is
maintained.
Heat Budget- Incoming
• First 35 %
absorbed by
ozone layer.
• Then 15 %
cloud cover.
• Only 50 %
reached to
earth surface
Heat Budget- Incoming
• 20% lost in latent
heat of
evaporation. 10%
lost in sensible
heat(temp of
body).
• 15% absorbed by
GHGs.
• Remaining 5%
released in space.
 Solar radiation
Solar Constant
• The intensity of radiation reaching the upper
surface of the atmosphere is taken as the
solar constant.
• F = 1 395 W/m2.
• F = energy flux = Energy received in the form
of radiation, per unit time per unit surface
area.
GLOBAL WIND PATTERN