TAPS AND VALVES

PROPERTIES, TYPES, & USAGE

 TAPS AND VALVES

CONTENTS
1. ..………………………….........................................PROPERTIES
2. ……………………………………………………..GATE VALVE
3. …………………………………………………...GLOBE VALVE
4. …….......................................................................SCOUR VALVE
5. ……............................................................................AIR VALVE
6. ………………………………………………….REFLUX VALVE
7. ………………………………………….............FIRE HYDRANT
8. ……………………………………………..................BIB COCK
9. ……………………………………………………..STOP VALVE
10. ………………………………………....................FLOAT VALVE
11. …………………………………………………..WATER METER

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PROPERTIES
o USED TO STOP THE COURSE OF WATER.
o SPACING DEPENDS ON COURSE OF TERRAIN.
o USABLE FOR MAINTENANCE PURPOSES.
o LOCATED AT BRANCHING POINTS, CROSSINGS ETC.
o NORMALLY, VALVES ARE SIZED SMALLER THEN PIPES AND
ATTACHED WITH A REDUCER.
o TAPS/COCKS ARE USED TO STOP/START THE FLOW AT END.
o VALVES ARE USED TO CONTROL THE INTERMEDIATE FLOW.

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GATE VALVE
o USED FOR DIVIDING WATER MAINS INTO SUITABLE
SECTIONS.
o ALSO KNOWN AS SLUICE VALVE.

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GLOBE VALVE
o USED FROM CONTROLLING WATER IN TAPS, WASH
BASINS, SHOWERS ETC.
o USED TO SHUT DOWN WATER FLOW COMPLETELY
ALSO.

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SCOUR VALVE
o LOCATED AT LOWEST
POINT OR DEAD END TO
REMOVE SETTLED
WASTE FROM PIPES.
o SIZED AS SMALL AS A
PLUG OR A BOLT.

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AIR VALVE
o AIR TRAPPED INSIDE
WOULD INCREASE
THE PRESSURE WHICH
MIGHT RESULT IN PIPE
BURSTING.
o USED TO REPLACE AIR
FROM PIPES.
o ALSO SUITABLE IN
PLACE WHERE
VACUUM IS AN ISSUE.
o CONSISTS OF AIR
RELEASE VALVE.
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REFLUX VALVE
o ALSO KNOWN AS CHECK VALVE OR NON-RETURN
VALVE.
o USED TO PREVENT RETURN OF WATER.
o USUALLY CONNECTED BY A PUMP TO PREVENT BACK
FLOW IN CASE OF NON-SUPPLY.

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FIRE HYDRANT
o USED FOR TAPPING
WATER IN CASE OF FIRE.
o GENERALLY, PLACED
WITHIN A RADIAL
DISTANCE OF 60 – 90 M.
o TYPES
o FLUSH – BELOW GROUND
o POST – ABOVE GROUND (1
– 2 M)
o DIAMETER OF OUTLET
PIPE IS 60 MM AND IS
PLACED IN A CHAMBER
FOR SAFETY.

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BIB COCK
o USUALLY AVAILABLE IN A SCREW DOWN TYPE.
o WORKS ANTI CLOCKWISE.
o MOST COMMON FITTING FOR BUILDING INTERIORS.
o USED TO START AND STOP WATER SUPPLY.

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STOP VALVE
o TO STOP OR START SUPPLY.
o NON REGULATIVE.
o USUALLY PLACED AT
SUPPLY POINT.

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FLOAT VALVE
o TO STOP SUPPLY IN A TANK/CISTERN SO AS TO AVOID
OVERFLOW.
o DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO INLET PIPE OF
TANK/CISTERN.

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WATER METER
o CONNECTED TO MAINS SUPPLY.
o USED TO CHECK SUPPLY OF
WATER.
o PROPERTIES OF AN IDEAL METER
o MEASURES EACH AND EVERY
DISCHARGE.
o LOSS OF HEAD SHOULD BE SMALL.
o UNAFFECTED BY IMPURITIES.
o UNAFFECTED BY CHANGE IN
WATER PRESSURE.
o STOPS COMPLETELY DURING NON
DISCHARGE OF WATER.
o NOT ALLOW BACKFLOW OF WATER.

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WATER METER
o TYPES
o LOW PRESSURE METER
o NOT USED IN BUILDINGS AS ALL
PRESSURE HEAD IS LOST BUT CAN
MEASURE EVEN THE SMALLEST
QUANTITY OF WATER.
o INFERENTIAL METER
o ALSO KNOWN AS VELOCITY METER.
o USED FOR HIGH FLOWS.
o DIVIDED INTO ROTARY AND TURBINE
TYPE.
o ROTARY TYPE METER
o HAVING RADIAL VANES ATTACHED TO
IT.
o TURBINE TYPE METER
o HAVING TURBINE ATTACHED TO IT.
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REFERENCES
o FUNDAMENTALS OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITARY
ENGINEERING
- S. C. RANGWALA
o NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
o WATER SUPPLY AND SANITARY ENGINEERING
- S. K. HUSSAIN
o PLUMBING DESIGN AND PRACTICES
- S. G. DEOLALIKAR

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