Cabling LAN

Learning Objectives
 List common cable types used in networking
 Describe how UTP cables are made
 Explain how UTP cables are used in Ethernet
networks
 Demonstrate the ability to make a working
patch cable
 Name the two wiring standards used for
wired Ethernet networks and their uses
Common network cable types
 Coaxial cable

 Unshielded
twisted pair

 Fiber optic
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
UTP characteristics
 Unshielded
 Twisted (why?) pairs of insulated conductors
 Covered by
insulating sheath
UTP categories
Category 1 Voice only (Telephone)

Category 2 Data to 4 Mbps (Localtalk)

Category 3 Data to 10Mbps (Ethernet)

Category 4 Data to 20Mbps (Token ring)

Category 5 Data to 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet)
Category 5e Data to 1000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet)
Category 6 Data to 2500Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet)
Cat5e cable
 1000Mbps data capacity
 For runs of up to 90 meters
 Solid core cable ideal for structural
installations (PVC or Plenum)
 Stranded cable ideal for patch cables
 Terminated with RJ-45 connectors
RJ45 connector
RJ-45 Connector
 T568A and T568B Color Code
 Make proper connection following color code (TIA568A or TIA568B). The
two wiring standards, T568A and T568B vary only in the arrangement of
the colored pairs. Tom writes to say "...sources suggest using T568A
cabling since T568B is the AT&T standard, but the US Government
specifies T568A since it matches USOC cabling for pairs 1 & 2, which
allows it to work for 1/2 line phones...". Your choice might be determined
by the need to match existing wiring, jacks or personal preference, but you
should maintain consistency.
T568A and T568B Color Code
Wire Color Wire Diagram 10Base-T Signal
RJ45 Pin #
(T568A) (T568A) 100Base-TX Signal
1 White/Green Transmit+

2 Green Transmit-
3 White/Orange Receive+

4 Blue Unused
T568A
5 White/Blue Unused

6 Orange Receive-

7 White/Brown Unused
8 Brown Unused

Wire Color Wire Diagram 10Base-T Signal

RJ45 Pin #
(T568B) (T568B) 100Base-TX Signal
1 White/Orange Transmit+

2 Orange Transmit-
3 White/Green Receive+

4 Blue Unused T568B

5 White/Blue Unused

6 Green Receive-

7 White/Brown Unused
8 Brown Unused
Cabling Instruction
 Determine the EIA/TIA category of cable
 Use the documentation of the device
 Look for a label on the device near the jack.
 Otherwise use Category 5E or greater
 Determine the type of Connection
 Straight Through
 Crossover
 Make proper connection following color code
(TIA568A or TIA568B).
Straight-through Cable
 Connects different layer
devices
 Switch to router
 Switch to PC or server
 Hub to PC or server

 Orders of colored wires

are same at each end
of connection
Straight-through Cable
Crossover Cable
 Connects Similar
Devices
 Switch to switch
 Switch to hub
 Hub to hub
 Router to router
 PC to PC
 Router to PC
Crossover Cable (10Base-
T/100Base-TX)
 Crossover Cable (1000Base-T)
RJ45 Pin # Wire Diagram End RJ45 Pin # Wire Diagram End
(END 1) Color #1 (END 2) Color #2
1 White/Orange 1 White/Green

2 Orange 2 Green
3 White/Green 3 White/Orange

4 Blue 4 White/Brown
5 White/Blue 5 Brown

6 Green 6 Orange

7 White/Brown 7 Blue
8 Brown 8 White/Blue

Note: The cross over cable layout is suitable for 1000Base-T operation, all 4
pairs are crossed.
Let’s Do it…
Making connections - Tools
 Cat5e cable
 RJ45 connectors
 Cable stripper
 Scissors
 Crimping tool
Making connections - Steps
1. Strip cable end
2. Untwist wire ends
3. Arrange wires
4. Trim wires to size
5. Attach connector
6. Check
7. Crimp
8. Test
Step 1 – Strip cable end
 Strip 1 – 1½” of insulating sheath
 Avoid cutting into conductor insulation
Step 2 – Untwist wire ends
 Sort wires by insulation colors
Step 3 – Arrange wires
 TIA/EIA 568A: GW-G OW-Bl BlW-O BrW-Br
 TIA/EIA 568B: OW-O GW-Bl BlW-G BrW-Br
Step 4 – Trim wires to size
 Trim all wires evenly
 Leave about ½” of wires exposed
Step 5 – Attach connector
 Maintain wire order,
left-to-right, with RJ45
tab facing downward
Step 6 - Check
 Do all wires extend to end?
 Is sheath well inside connector?
Step 7 - Crimp
 Squeeze firmly to crimp connecter
onto cable end (8P)
Step 8 – Test
 Used LAN TESTER to test your cable.