Evaluative Criteria and Standards:

 Identifying evaluative criteria and standards

 Collecting data to determine whether or not

theses criteria and standards are met

 Interpreting and summarizing findings

 Documenting your judgment

 Terminating, continuing, or modifying the plan

 Types of Goals
 Cognitive goals: involve increases in patient
knowledge

 Psychomotor goals: describe the patient’s

achievement of new skills

 Affective goals: pertain to changes in patient

values, beliefs, and attitudes
 Four Steps Crucial to
Improving Performance
 Discover a problem

 Plan a strategy using indicators

 Implement a change

 Assess the change: if the goal is not met,

plan a new strategy
American Nurses Association (ANA)
Quality-Assurance Program
 Identify values

 Identify structure, process and outcome

standards, and criteria

 Measure the degree of attainment of criteria

and standards

 Make interpretations about strengths and

weaknesses based on such measures.
 American Nurses Association
Quality-Assurance Program (con’t)

 Identify possible courses of actions

 Choose a course of action

 Take action
 Other Types of
Quality- Assurance Programs
 Structure evaluation:
focuses on the environment in which care is provided

 Process evaluation:
focuses on the nature and sequence of activities carried
out by nurses

 Outcome evaluation:
focuses on measurable changes in the health status of
the patient or the end results of nursing care
Quality Assurance and Improvement
 A nursing audit is a method of evaluating nursing care that
involves reviewing patient records to assess outcomes of
nursing care

 Concurrent evaluation is conducted by using direct

observation of nursing care, patient interviews, and chart
review to determine if criteria are met

 Retrospective evaluation may use postdischarge questions,

patient interviews, or chart review to collect data.