Grammar:

Modal Verbs
 Modal Verbs are a type of auxiliary verb.

They are also called auxiliary verbs and are used with the
main verb to form a statement or question.

After the modal verbs we always use the infinitive.

Some MODAL VERBS in English are:
 Indicates ABILITY.

My brother is able to run a marathon.

I can speak four languages fluently.

We also use for PERMISSION(questions) or POSSIBILITIES.

May/ Can I go to the toilet?

My sister can travel to lima.
We can use the internet at home.
Indicates POSSIBILITY or ABILITY in the PAST.

Tomas could travel to Lima with you yesterday.

When I was a child, I couldn’t play soccer very well.
Michael was able to write when he was 4 year.
Indicates an OBLIGATION (necessary or essential).

You have to turn off your phones inside the classroom.

I must go to bed early, I have classes tomorrow morning.

Bryan has to use a uniform at school.

You must stop smoking. You look terrible.

MUST (PERSONAL CIRCUNSTANCE)

HAVE TO (EXTERNAL CIRCUNSTANCE).
Indicates a prohibition.

You mustn’t eat inside the classroom.

I mustn’t smoke at work.

Bryan mustn’t drive a car, he’s 15.

Indicates NOT necessary or essential.

You don’t have to get a degree.

Paul doesn’t have to have a lot of experience.

They don’t have to use a uniform at the university.

Indicate suggestion or advice.

You should eat less if you want to lose weight.

You should study more. Your grades are not good.

They ought to do more exercises.

The child ought to take some medicine.
Indicate EXPECTATION.
(something you expect to happen)

We are supposed to meet here at 4 o’clock.

She is supposed to get home early.
I am supposed to pass my final exam.
Indicate PERMISSION.

They are allowed to sleep at work after lunch.

At school we aren’t allowed to use mobiles.
Ivan is allowed to get home late.
Indicate an UNCERTAIN ACTION.

I don’t know where he is. He may (might) be in his office.

The shop may (might) give us a discount in the next purchase.

MAY can also be used to ask for permission in formal

situations.

May I drink some water?

May I have another slice of pizza?