AGGREGATES

IMPORTANT CONSTITUENTS OF CONCRETE (70-80%),

GIVES BODY, REDUCES SHRINKAGE AND EFFECTS ECONOMY IN
CONCRETE.
GENERALLY AGGREGATES FINER THAN 4.75MM ARE CALLED FINE
AGGREGATES (FA) AND ABOVE 4.75MM ARE CALLED COARSE
AGGREGATES (CA)
 SAND-FINE AGGREGATE

SIEVE DESIG %PASSING FOR

GRADING ZONE
1
10 100
4.75 90-100
2.36 60-95
1.18 30-70
600 15-34
300 5-20
150 0-10
SIEVE DESIG IN %PASSINGFOR
MM GDE OF
NOMINAL SIZE
40MM
80 100
63 -
40 95-100
20 30-70
12.5 -
10 10-35
4.75 0-5
ALKALI-AGGREGATE REACTION

SOME AGGREGATES CONTAINING PARTICULAR

VARIETIES OF SILICA MAY BE SUSCEPTIBLE TO
ATTACK BY ALKALIS(Na2O& K2O) ORIGINATING
FROM CEMENT & OTHER SOURCES PRODUCING
AN EXPANSIVE REACTION WHICH CAN CAUSE
CRACKING & DISRUPTION OF CONCRETE . DAMAGE
WILL NORMALLY OCCUR ONLY WHEN ALL THE
FOLLOWING ARE PRESENT TOGETHER-
(a) A HIGH MOISTURE LEVEL WITHIN THE CONCRETE
(b) A CEMENT WITH HIGH ALKALI CONTENT
(c) AGGREGATE CONTAINING AN ALKALI REACTIVE
CONSTITUENT.
PRECAUTION SHOULD TAKE ONE OR MORE OF THE
FOLLOWING FORMS:
(a) USE NONREACTIVE AGGREGATES FROM ALTERNATE
SOURCES
(b) LOW ALKALI CEMENT (0.6%)
(c)REDUCE DEGREE OF SATURATION OF CONCRETE BY
PROVIDING WATER PROOFING ON CONCRETE

TESTS-
1 STANTON MORTAR BAR EXPANSION TEST-
25MM.25MM.250MM CEMENT MORTAR BAR NOT TO
EXPAND MORE THAN 0.05%IN 3 MONTHS
2 CHEMICAL METHOD-CRUSHED STONE 150~300 MICRON
IS MIXED IN NaOH SOLUTION.AFTER 24HRS AT 80C
ANALYSE FOR SILICA DISSOLVED AND ALKILINITY
REDUCED IN MILLIMOLES PER LITRE.REF IS 2386
(Strength)
(toughness)
LOS ANGELES ABRASION
TESTING APPARATUS