IMAGES AND GRAPHICS

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Images
• Image is spatial representation of an object, a 2 dimentional or 3 diamentional
scene or another image.

• It can be real or virtual.

• An image may be abstractly thought of as a continous function defining

rectangular region of a plane. Eg: for optic or photographic sensors, an image is
typically proptional to the radiant energy recieved in the electromagnetic band to
which the sensor or detector is sensitive. In the case the image is called an
intensity image.
Basic concept

• An image might be thought of as a function wit

h resulting values of the light intensity of each
point over a planar region
Digital image representation

• A digital image is represented by a matrix of numeric value

s each representing a quantized intensity value.
• The point at which an image an image is sampled are know
n as picture elements (pixels).
• The pixel values of intensity image are called gray scale le
vels
• The intensity at each at each pixel is represented by an int
eger and it is determined from the continous image by aver
aging over a small neighborhood around the pixel location
Image format

Captured image format Stored imgae format

• Image format that comes out f • The format when images are
rom image grabber stored
 Captured image format

• 2main parameters.
• Spatial resolution : pixels ×pixels
• Color encoding :bits per pixels
• Both parameter values depend on hardware and software for input/
output of image
 Stored image format

• When we storing an image we are storing a 2 dimentional array of values

, in which each value represents the data associated with a pixel in the i
mage
• For, bitmap : value is binary digit
• For, color image : * 3 numbers representing intensities of RGB of colo
r at the pixels

* single number that index to a table of color tr

iple
Computer graphics

Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures, lines

, charts etc.. Using computer with help of programs a
nd software
Graphics format

Graphic images specified through attributes and primitives

 Graphic packages

• Attributes (style, width, colors)

• Primitives(line,rectangle)

these are high level representation.

Advantages
• Reduce data

• Easly manipulate

Disadvantage
THANKS
Se m i na r r e po r t

Aswin Krishna c

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