DC Circuit

•Ohm’s Law
•Drift Velocity
•Series & Parallel combination of Resistance & cell
•Emf & Terminal Pd
•Joules law of heating effect
 Short Questions
• Focus on definition
• Write down mathematical formula related to
the variables asked in question (if possible)
• Relate the variable: Whether it is directly or
inversely proportional
• Write down concluding remarks
• Write the limitations of ohm’s law
• (i)It  is  not  applicable  to  non-
linear  devices  such  as  diodes,  zener  diodes 
 and  voltage regulators
• (ii)It is not applicable for non metallic
conductors. Ex. silicon carbide 
• (iii)It is not applicable for arc lamps, electronic
valves and electrolytes.
 Numericals
• A battery of emf 24V and internal resistance r is connected to a circuit having
two parallel resistors of 3Ω and 6Ω in series with 8Ω resistor. The current
flowing in 3Ω resistor is 0.8A, calculate i) current flowing through 6Ω resistor ii)
internal resistance r and iii) terminal potential difference of the battery.
• Two resistors, R1 = 50 Ω and R2 = 40 Ω are placed in series with an accumulator
of emf 5.0 Volts and internal resistance 20 Ω. A voltmeter of resistance 1000 Ω
is connected across R1. What percentage error is made in reading the potential
difference across R1. [Ans: 2.64%]
• Twelve cells each of emf 2 V and of internal resistance ½ Ω are arranged in a
battery of n rows and an external resistance of 3/8 Ω is connected to the poles
of the battery. Determine the current flowing through the resistance in terms
of n. [Ans: ]
• A resistor of 500 Ω and one of 2000 Ω are placed in series with a 60 V supply.
What will be the reading on a voltmeter of internal resistance 2000 Ω when
placed across i) 500 Ω and ii) 2000 Ω resistor.
• A galvanometer can bear maximum current of
25 mA and a resistance 5 Ω. Find the suitable
resistance to convert it into i) a voltmeter of
range (0-2) V ii) an ammeter of range (0-10) A.
• A moving coil meter has a resistance of 25 Ω
and indicates full scale deflection when a
current of 4 mA flows through it. How could
this meter be converted i) to a voltmeter with
( 0 – 3) V range and ii) to an ammeter with (0 –
1) A range.