CLAUSES

Clauses of Purpose
+ -
the same doer of • to + Inf.
the action • in order to + Inf.
• so as to + Inf.
• with a view to + Ving
• with the aim of + Ving
• for + Ving
 Clauses of Purpose
+ -
the same doer of • to + Inf. • not to + Inf.
the action • in order to + Inf. • in order not to + Inf.
• so as to + Inf. • so as not to + Inf.
• with a view to + Ving
• with the aim of + Ving
• for + Ving
 Clauses of Purpose
+ -
the same doer of • to + Inf. • not to + Inf.
the action • in order to + Inf. • in order not to + Inf.
• so as to + Inf. • so as not to + Inf.
• with a view to + Ving
• with the aim of + Ving
• for + Ving
not the same doer • so that … can/will
of the action (present/future)
• so that … could/would
(past)
• in case … + Present
(present/future)
• in case … + Past
(past)
 Clauses of Purpose
+ -
the same doer of • to + Inf. • not to + Inf.
the action • in order to + Inf. • in order not to + Inf.
• so as to + Inf. • so as not to + Inf.
• with a view to + Ving
• with the aim of + Ving
• for + Ving
not the same doer • so that … can/will • so that … can’t/won’t
of the action (present/future) (present/future)
• so that … could/would • so that … couldn’t/wouldn’t
(past) (past)
• in case … + Present • in case … + Present (-)
(present/future) (present/future)
• in case … + Past • in case … + Past (-)
(past) (past)
• to prevent smth from +
Noun/Ving
• to avoid + Noun/Ving
Clauses of Result
• So
• Therefore,
• As a result,
• As a consequence,
• Consequently

• such a + Singular Noun + that …

• such + Plural/Uncountable Noun + that…
• so + Adjective/Adverb + that…
Clauses of Reason
• due to / because of Noun/Ving
• due to / because of the fact that + Clause
• because / for + Clause
• as / since + Clause
• on the ground that + Clause
• the reason for smth is
• the reason why + Clause + is