Renaissance architecture

• Renaissance Architecture is the architecture of

the period between the early 15th and early 17th
centuries in different regions of Europe,
demonstrating a conscious revival and
development of certain elements of ancient
Greek and Roman thought and material culture.

• Italy of the 15th century, and the city of Florence in

particular, was home to the Renaissance. It is in
Florence that the new architectural style had its
beginning, not slowly evolving in the way that
Gothic grew out of Romanesque, but consciously
brought to being by particular architects who sought
to revive the order of a past “Golden Age". The
scholarly approach to the architecture of the
ancient coincided with the general revival of learning.
A number of factors were influential in bringing this
about.
• The Renaissance style places emphasis,
symmetry, proportion, geometry and the
regularity of parts as they are demonstrated in
the architecture of Classical antiquity and in
particular, the architecture of Ancient Rome,
of which many examples remained.

• as well as the use of semicircular arches,

hemispherical domes, niches and aedicule's
replaced the more complex proportional
systems and irregular profiles of medieval
buildings. Orderly arrangements of columns,
pilasters and lintels

• Renaissance architecture divided into three

parts :
• Early renaissance(the Quattrocento) :
1400- 1500
• High renaissance : 1500-1525
• Mannerism : 1520-1600
• the quattrocento
• In the quattrocento, concepts of architectural
order were explored and rules were formulated
• The study of classical antiquity led in particular
to the adoption of classical detail and ornamentation.
• High renaissance

• Classical antiquity were developed and used

greater surety.
• Bramate (1444-1514) was most representative
architect
• Who applied classical architecture to contemporary
buildings.
• The first revival of classical architecture and
decoration took place at the end of the 14th
century in Florence.
• Ancient forms of ornament and rules of architecture
began to be used in public buildings and in private
houses as well as on furniture, ceramics, and metalwork.
• Interiors featured elaborate plaster decoration, carved wooden paneling, or colorful painted
murals on walls and patterned marble floors.
• Mannerism and Baroque

• In contrast to the restrained and “pure” classicism

of Palladio and the high Renaissance was a
subsequent movement characterized by a more
lively and innovative use of form and color.
• This style is known as Mannerism, and it led to a
full-blown style called baroque.
• Interiors designed in these styles are often richly
encrusted with ornament, usually colorful, and often gilded.
• Stained-glass windows, painted walls, colored
marble columns, mantelpieces, and floors.
• EXAMPLES

• St. Peter's Basilica

• St. peter’s basilica Balanced architecture of

church St. peter’s basilica is world’s largest church.
Architect was Michelangelo Was build in 319 AD
The basilica stood for over 1,000 years, however
it had started to deteriorate and due to serious
concerns that it may collapse.
 Contemporary Architecture
• The main idea of contemporary architecture lies
mainly in rejecting historical styles. Facing classic
trends of the last third of the nineteenth century,
contemporary architecture comes with a totally
different proposition to what already existed.

• The Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution brought about a radical change in
architecture with the manufacture of new building materials and cheaper mass
production.

• The neoclassical style was introduced in the design

of buildings seeking purity of lines, so the discovery
of the ruins of Pompeii and other archaeological
treasures Greco Romans was adapted to the new
times. IT WAS AN ECLECTIC ARCHITECTURE IN
WHICH MANY STYLES ARE MIXED
• The main features in construction are:
-Cornices and friezes with metopes and triglyphs.
-Grecas -Garlands vegetables: flowers, fruits...
-Palms y laurels

• constructions more used :

-Columns commemorative
-Temples
-Triumphal arches
-Propylaea

• They develop great discussions addressing architecture, first the Modernist architects,
descendants of Romanticism and Symbolism. On the other hand the Rationalism that raises
two clearly defined movements: Constructivism and Deconstructivism.

• Modernism developed in Europe and receives different names. In Spain, better known as
Catalan Modernism are develops mainly in Barcelona. In France and Belgium is known as Art
Nouveau, Modern Style in England and in Germany as Jugendstil. Modernism 1880 to 1902
• Architecture Contemporary JOSEF MARIA OLBRICH 1898-99 The Vienna Secession in
Austria is the movement that leads to Modernism, that although this already had been
developing for some time, is the year 1897 when a group of artists from different disciplines
and led by Gustave Klimt who pose open criticism of industrialization and rescue craft of the
work of the craftsman.

• EXAMPLES

• sydney opera house

• The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing

arts centre in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
And it is a masterpiece of late modern architecture.
Opened : the facility formally opened on 20 October 1973
Completed : 1973
Client and Owner : NSW Government

• Facilities
Joan Sutherland Theatre: A proscenium theatre with 1,507 seats. Drama Theatre: A
proscenium theatre with 544 seats.
Playhouse: An end-stage theatre with 398 seats.
Studio.
Recording Studio . etc.
 MODERN ARCHITECTURE (started
during 19th century)
• Modern Architecture is Architecture that emerged
in the 1920s in Europe and the United States.

• It began as a response by Architects to rapid

technological advances and greater urbanization
of society at the turn of the century.

• It is the very dominant style which came during

the 19th century.

• It symbolized the Ideal Public Virtues of democracy,

liberty and reason.

• It is the Architecture of simple forms(rectangles)

enclosed with flat opaque (solid) or transparent (glass)
walls.

• Modern Architecture is considered progressive

(forward looking) rather than regressive(backwards
looking)
• Modern Architecture expresses volume, balance and elimination of ornaments

• Modern styles and concepts, by contrast, took root more quickly in commercial, industrial,
and residential Architecture

TECHNOLOGIES

• As the 20th century began modern

architects believed it was necessary to
invent an architecture that expressed the
spirit of a new age and would surpass the
styles, materials, and technologies of earlier architecture Crystal Palace by Sir joseph Paxton
Skyscraper HSBC Hong Kong Headquarters.

• By 1920s there was an increasingly wide

understanding that building forms must be
determined by their functions and materials
if they were to achieve beauty in
contemporary terms.
• MATERIAL USED

• With the continuous progress in the filed of Iron and Glass,

these material became the most common and important.

• Apart from these, ceramic hollow tiles and concrete block

were also used.

• Steel framing and reinforced concrete serve as the primary

structural materials of large-scale architecture .

• Iron could be used to span for larger spaces.

• In 1892 French engineer François Hennebique combined

the strengths of both in a new system of construction based
on concrete reinforced with steel Tower Bridge- London
Glass pyramid of the Louvre
• EXAMPLES

• The Gateway Arch

• The Gateway Arch is a 630-foot (192 m) monument

in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Clad in stainless
steel and built in the form of a weighted catenary arch,
it is the world's tallest arch,the tallest man-made
monument in the Western Hemisphere,and Missouri's
tallest accessible building.