Psychology

Objectives of
Psychology
The objectives of psychology as science
are to describe, understand, predict and
control the conditions and situations that
man meets in his environment and
within himself.
 GOALS OF
PSYCHOLOGY
 PSYCHOLOGY aims to extend and
deepen knowledge about human nature
and human behaviour so that man can
live a happy life and be able to meet and
solve the problems that arise out of
living, not in primitive superstitious way
but in scientific and enlightened ways.
SIGNIFICANCE OF
STUDYING
PSYCHOLOGY
1. Enables the person to have a deeper
understanding of himself as well as of
other people.

2. Make us aware that no two individuals

are exactly the same.
3. Helps the individual develop patterns of
behavior that will serve as guide in the
learning processes, problem-solving and
other human activities.

4. Enables the individual to make the necessary

adjustment to the environment, and develop
himself into a well-adjust and happy
individual.
5. Psychological principles are applied to
such field as business and industry,
education, law medicine and other
field of endeavor.
WHAT PSYCOLOGY
IS?
 PSYCOLOGY is derived from the
GREEK words psyche and logos
which mean soul or mind and study.
PSYCOLOGY is simply defined as
the study of the soul.
 However, modern psychologists
define psychology as the scientific
study of behavior and mental
processes.
The term scientific study means that
psychologists use systematic, well-
organized methods to learn about
psychological processes.
BEHAVIOR is any activity of an
organism which can be observed
directly or indirectly.
 HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND OF
PSYCOLOGY
PSYCHOLOGY has both
traditional and scientific
background.
 Traditionally, it started from mere
speculations about human and its
environment, often given in terms of
mythical spirits influencing or directing
activities of the individual which had been
called animism.
 PSYCHOLOGY started as a part of
philosophy. It was the ancient Greek
philosophers namely Aristotle and Plato
who first speculated about human nature
and human behaviour more than 2000
years ago.
Plato’s concept of mind-body existence found its
place in philosophy and later in Psychology. He
recognized ideas as coming from two source; 1)
innate and, 2) products of observation through
the senses, thus, emerged the concept of mind-
body existence.
THE SCHOOLS OF
THOUGHTS OF
PSYCOLOGY
STRUCTURALISM
It was the study of conscious experience which he
broke into its three basic elements: physical
sensation, affections or feelings and images.

Structuralism used introspection or observation of

conscious experience and self-report by trained
observers as their method of investigation.
FUNCTIONALISM
It was concerned with the utility of how
conscious processes function in the
adjustment of man to his environment.
BEHAVIOURISM
Behaviourism suggests that all behaviour
can be explained by environmental causes
rather that by internal forces. The
behaviourist denied the existence of
instincts of inborn behaviour and
emphasized conditioned reflex and learned
behaviour.
PSYCHOANALYSIS
It emphasized the influence of the
unconscious mind on behaviour. It said
that the human behaviour is governed by
hidden motives and unconscious desires.
GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY
It was based upon the idea that we
experience things as unified wholes. The
whole is different from the sum of the
parts because the whole has a meaning
derived from the relationships of the parts
to each other.
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
That studies mental processes including
how people think, perceive, remember and
learn.
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
Is a protest movement against the
behaviouristic emphasis on the study of
only overt behaviour.
PURPOSIVISM
Studied the function of hormones and
emphasized that every behaviour has its
purpose.
 Branches of Psychology
1. Abnormal Psychology 1. Cross-Cultural Psychology
2. Behavioral Psychology 2. Development Psychology
3. Biopsychology 3. Educational Psychology
4. Cognitive Psychology 4. Experimental Psychology
5. Comparative Psychology 5. Forensic Psychology
THANK YOU
GROUP 4
Glen Bustos
Jhommel Hernandez
Marahia Ayessa Revellame
Menandro Eugenio Jr.