Extended Reality

BY : VASANTH NAYAK
(4MK16CS034)
 Introduction
• Thanks to advancements in extended reality (XR), an umbrella term
used to describe immersive technologies that can merge the
physical and virtual worlds, Teleportation may not be a reality just
yet , you might be able to shop for a new home anywhere in the
world as if you were actually onsite or head to lunch in some
faraway land. By 2022, the XR market is expected to reach $209
billion, which is eight times what it is today. This tremendous
growth could mean the realities of our 2030 lives are beyond our
imagination’s ability to grasp.
What Is Extended Reality (XR)?
• Extended Reality (XR) is the umbrella term for
environments that combine the real and virtual. This
includes Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR),
and Mixed/Merged Reality (MR).
• Its all about experiencing the virtual world through
technology, mostly experience through a support
gadget such as headgear, headset, eyewear,
holograms, etc.
• It bridges distances to access information, people,
and experiences.
Virtual Reality (VR)
• In a virtual reality experience, users are fully
immersed in a simulated digital environment.
Individuals must put on a VR headset or head-
mounted display to get a 360 -degree view of an
artificial world that fools their brain into
believing they are, e.g., walking on the moon or
stepped into whatever new world the VR
developers created.
• The gaming and entertainment industry were
early adopters of this technology; however,
companies in several industries such as
healthcare, construction, engineering, the
military, and more are finding VR to be very
useful.
Augmented Reality (AR)

• In augmented reality, virtual information and

objects are overlaid on the real world. This
experience enhances the real world with
digital details such as images, text, and
animation.
• You can access the experience through AR
glasses or via screens, tablets, and
smartphones.
• The most well-known examples of AR are the
Pokémon GO game that overlays digital
creatures onto the real world or Snapchat
filters that put digital objects such as hats or
glasses onto your head.
Mixed Reality (MR)
• In mixed reality, digital and real-world objects
co-exist and can interact with one another in
real-time. This is sometimes referred to as
hybrid reality. It requires an MR headset and a
lot more processing power than VR or AR.
• Microsoft's HoloLens is a great example that,
e.g., allows you to place digital objects into
the room you are standing in and give you the
ability to spin it around or interact with the
digital object in any way possible.
what does Extended Reality (XR) means
• Extended means something which is enhanced or intensified.
• XR refers to all real and virtual combined environments and human-
machine interactions generated by computer technology and
wearables.
• Extended reality gathers numerous data of bundles of objects at a
time and at a place. It converts them into a holographic image. With
the help of these holograms , an imaginary world is created which
can actually be interlinked with the real objects/people.
• Extended reality is a type of medium which will convert this
imagination into a reality. XR simply creates the world within a
world. It is a new element expanding the realm of this Tech-era.
what’s the difference between AR, VR, and MR? & if XR is
the same as MR?
•  VR is just an imaginary environment which may be entertaining but
has nothing to do with the real world.
• AR can be addressed as an overlay to the things of the real
environment.
• Whereas MR creates virtual objects which can interact with the
real environment.
• But XR is a bonanza combo of VR, AR, and MR which is the ability to
explore the imaginary world as if you’re actually there &
convincingly share parts of those imaginary worlds in real life.
Advantages of Extended reality:
• XR enables human beings to feel and interact with a radically
different world without leaving their place. It saves time, money
and resources at the same time. It also helps in reducing human
impact on the environment by an elimination of transportation.
• XR helps to have real-time information and a realistic view of the
situation.
• Some crucial training such as loco-pilot training, operational
management of nuclear reactors, etcetera can be done much more
effectively with numerous trial and errors without harming the
actual resources.
• Visualization improves the learning experience, which will help in
generation skilled human capital.
Use cases of Extended reality (XR)
 Disadvantages of Extended reality(human factor):
• XR is ultimately based on the computer network and it is having a threat of hacking or
cyber-attack.
• Technological innovations always degrade the quality of the social life of human beings and
make humans socially even more disengaged.
• Using XR devices more than a particular time may affect eyes adversely. It may also cause
headache and sometimes leads to migraine.
• XR contains the use of many tech devices which ultimately increases the implementing
cost. Also due to this constraint, an economically weaker mass of the society may not get
its benefits.
• No matter how realistic XR training may be, but it doesn’t include the unpredictability of
the real world consequences.
• XR is pre-programmed, it needs expert’s help for making some changes according to the
situation. So, the flexibility of XR for a common man is not possible.
• Vergence and accommodation conflict and human field of view (FoV).
Solving the key XR technology challenges ahead
Cautions in business with XR:
• In business with XR, having a robust data security structure is a
must. Because without it, more profit with the use of XR is a myth,
as cyber-attacks and hacking may adversely affect your business.
• Another thing is having the right and authentic service provider.
Otherwise timely unaddressed system breakdowns may lead to the
interrupted business cycle.
Where we are today ?
Virtual objects look fake
• In part due to mostly static lighting
that’s often incorrect for the
environment.
• Even when dynamic, the graphics
shader’s lights don’t consistently match
real world light sources or intensity.
• Consequently objects and materials
look physically incorrect for the scene.
• It is always immediately obvious which
objects are real and which are virtual.
Where we must eventually be..
Virtual objects must look real
• With sampled light from cameras or ALS used to
determine final color of every pixel in the virtual
object.
• Virtual lights should be very frequently updated
with real world lights to be perceptually correct
for real environment.
Making it possible
• New, more intelligent, faster interaction between
many different sensors and rendering systems.
• New computer vision and global illumination
algorithms that use real world lights to
dynamically render and overlay more realistic
virtual objects.
Improvements needed in motion tracking
Taking immersive mobile XR experiences
to the next level will require:
• Improved head/body tracking: User friendly,
inside-out 6 DoF(depth of field) head tracking.
• Improved eye tracking : Tracking accuracy
for foveation/depth of field rendering and
viewport aware video.
• Intuitively interacting in virtual worlds :
Controllers, when required, must be 6 DoF,
responsive and low cost.
• Making it possible : New, better 3DR so that
virtual hands in VR mode look just like your
own.
The essence of Extended reality:

• In the end, concluding the XR, we can say that if properly used, XR
may completely alter the experience of business as well as day to
day life. XR is a blessing in disguise for the physically challenged
people of the world. XR is the blending of phenomenal elements of
all VR, AR, and MR, which gives a new vision to the Technocrats of
the world. It mixes the virtual world with a real one, promising the
success for futuristic technology.
• XR can be an essential supplement to the various industries for
improving business capabilities. At the end of the day, constant up
gradation of the technology is a need of an hour to strengthen the
world economy. 
VIDEO DEMO
Thank You