Machine Design & CAD І

(ME-322)

Engineering Materials &

Properties
 Factors for Material Selection

 Mechanical Properties: to be selected such that

safety limit isn’t exceeded

 Cost: should be reduced to min. by considering the

feasibility of material

 Availability: must be easily accessible and ready for

use
Classification of Materials (cont.)
F’””””

Types of
Material

Ferrous Metals Non-Ferrous Non-Metals

Metals
Types of Materials
Types of Materials (cont.)
Types of Materials (cont.)
Stress-Strain Diagram
Elasticity & Plasticity
 Hardness & Softness

 Hardness is a measure of resistance to plastic

deformation – opposite of softness
Ductility & Brittleness
 Malleability

 Malleability describes the ability of a material to be

bent/hammered into thin sheets without breaking
 Resilience & Toughness

 Resilience: energy per unit volume absorbed by a

material within the elastic region – area under the
stress strain curve till the yield point

 Toughness: energy per unit volume required for a

material to be fractured – area under the entire
stress strain curve
 Creep & Fatigue

 Creep: failure due to static load leading to plastic

deformation

 Fatigue: failure due to cyclic/alternating load leading

to crack propagation