The document outlines marketing frameworks that have evolved from a product-focused 4Ps approach to more customer-centric 4Cs and value-oriented 4Vs models. The 4Ps elements are product, place, promotion, and price. The 4Cs focus on customization, convenience, communication, and cost from the customer perspective. The 4Vs emphasize value creation, delivery through channels, communication of value, and value calculation.
The document outlines marketing frameworks that have evolved from a product-focused 4Ps approach to more customer-centric 4Cs and value-oriented 4Vs models. The 4Ps elements are product, place, promotion, and price. The 4Cs focus on customization, convenience, communication, and cost from the customer perspective. The 4Vs emphasize value creation, delivery through channels, communication of value, and value calculation.
The document outlines marketing frameworks that have evolved from a product-focused 4Ps approach to more customer-centric 4Cs and value-oriented 4Vs models. The 4Ps elements are product, place, promotion, and price. The 4Cs focus on customization, convenience, communication, and cost from the customer perspective. The 4Vs emphasize value creation, delivery through channels, communication of value, and value calculation.