DMD 90 CH06 Concept

Chapter 6
Concept Modeling
Concept Modeling
Contents Training Manual
ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• Concept Modeling
• Creating Line Bodies
• Modifying Line Bodies
• Cross Sections
• Cross Section Alignment
• Cross Section Offset
• Surfaces From Lines
• Edge Joints
• Workshop 6-1, Line and Surface Bodies
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Concept Modeling
Concept Modeling Training Manual

• The features in the Concept menu are used to create and modify
line bodies and/or surface bodies which become FE beam or shell
models.
• To begin Concept Modeling, you can either:

– Create line or surface bodies using the features in the Draw toolbox to
design a 2D sketch and/or generate a 3D model
– Use the Import external geometry file feature
• Line bodies can be created using the concept modeling tools:

– Lines from points
– Lines from sketches
– Lines from edges
• Surface bodies can be created using the concept modeling tools:

– Surfaces from lines
– Surfaces from sketches
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Concept Modeling
Creating Line Bodies Training Manual

• Lines From Points:
– Points can be any 2D sketch points, 3D model vertices or
Point Feature (PF) points.
– A point segment is a straight line connecting two selected
points.
– The feature can produce multiple Line Bodies, depending on
the connectivity of the chosen point segments.
– The Operation field allows Add or Add Frozen choices for
line bodies.
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Concept Modeling
Creating Line Bodies… Training Manual

Example of “Line From Points” using 2d points from a rectangular sketch.
2 points are chosen to define a diagonal line body. The green line
indicates proposed line segment.
Apply the selection then Generate. The Line body is displayed in blue.
Line Body
Point 1
Point 2
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Concept Modeling

• Lines From Sketches:
– Line bodies created based on sketches and planes from faces
– Multiple Line Bodies may be created depending on the connectivity of
the edges within the base objects
– Select sketches or planes in the feature tree then “Apply” in the detail
window
– Multiple sketches, planes, and combinations of sketches and planes
can be used as the base object for the creation of line bodies
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Concept Modeling

Example of “Lines From Sketches”.
Sketch created as input for Line Body creation.
“Lines From Sketches” is chosen:
• Highlight sketch in tree
• Apply as base object in Detail window
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Concept Modeling

• Lines From Edges:
– Creates line bodies based on existing 2D and 3D model edges
– Can produce multiple line bodies depending on the connectivity of the
selected edges and faces
– Can select edges and/or faces through two fields in the detail window
then “Apply”
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Concept Modeling

Example of “Lines From Edges”. 3D solid created as input for Line Body creation.
“Lines From Edges” is chosen:
• Select faces on model. Face boundaries will become line bodies (alternately select
3d edges directly).
• Apply as base object in Detail window
• Note: in this case 2 line bodies are created due to the edge connectivity.
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Concept Modeling
Modifying Line Bodies Training Manual

• Split Line Body:
– Splits line body edges into two pieces
– Split location is controlled by the Fraction property (e.g. 0.5 = split in
half).
– Example:
Selected line Fraction = 0.5 Fraction = 0.25
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Concept Modeling
Cross Sections Training Manual

• Cross Sections:
– Cross sections are attributes assigned to line bodies to define beam
properties in the FE simulation
– In DM, cross sections are represented by sketches and are controlled
by a set of dimensions
• Note: DesignModeler uses a different coordinate system for cross
sections than the one used in the ANSYS environment (described
later)
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Concept Modeling
Cross Sections… Training Manual

• Cross sections are selected from the Concept menu
• A cross section branch is inserted in the tree where each chosen

cross section is listed
Concept menu
Display Tree
Cross Section
menu
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Concept Modeling

• Highlight the cross section in the Tree to modify dimensions in
the Details window
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Concept Modeling

• Dimension Editing
– Cross section dimensions can be repositioned via a RMB and
choosing Move Dimensions
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Concept Modeling

• Assigning a cross section to a line body:
– Highlight the line body in the Tree
– A cross section property appears in the detail window
– Click in this field and choose the desired cross section from the drop
down list
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Concept Modeling

• A user integrated section can be defined in DM
• The cross section is not sketched, rather the cross section’s

properties are placed in the details window
• A = Area of section.
• Ixx = Moment of inertia about the x axis.
• Ixy = Product of inertia.
• Iyy = Moment of inertia about the y axis.
• Iw =Warping constant.
• J = Torsional constant.
• CGx = X coordinate of centroid.
• CGy = Y coordinate of centroid.
• SHx = X coordinate of shear center.
• SHy = Y coordinate of shear center.
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Concept Modeling
Cross Section Alignment Training Manual

• As shown below in DesignModeler the cross section lies in the XY
plane:
• Cross section alignment is defined by:

– A local or cross section +Y direction
• Default alignment is with the global +Y direction unless that would
result in an invalid alignment in which case +Z is used
– Note: In the ANSYS Classic Environment, the cross section lies in the YZ
plane and uses the X direction as the edge tangent. This difference in
orientation has no bearing on the analysis.
Y
Cross
Section
Edge
Tangent
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Concept Modeling
Cross Section Alignment… Training Manual

• A color code is used to indicate cross section status for line
bodies:
– Violet: no cross section assigned
– Black: cross section assigned with valid alignment
– Red: cross section assigned with invalid alignment
• The line body icons in the tree have similar visual aids:
– Green: cross section assigned with valid cross section alignment
– Yellow: no cross section assigned or default alignment
– Red: invalid cross section alignment
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Concept Modeling

• Checking alignment can be done graphically using the View
menu:
– Choose “Show Cross Section Alignments”
• Green arrow = +Y, blue arrow = edge tangent of cross section
– Or choose “Cross Section Solids”
+Y
Edge Tangent
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Concept Modeling

• Because a default alignment is chosen cross section orientation
will almost always need to be modified. There are 2 methods for
cross section alignment, selection and vector:
– The selection method uses existing geometry (edges, points, etc.) as
alignment reference
– The vector method uses input according to X, Y, Z coordinate
directions
• For either method a rotation angle can be input and/or the

orientation reversed
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Concept Modeling

• Modifying the cross section orientation by vector:
Switch to “Vector”
alignment mode
Enter the desired

coordinate values
Enter rotation
angle if desired
Reverse
orientation if
desired
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Concept Modeling

• Modifying the cross section orientation by selection (several examples follow):
1. Select the line body to be

aligned in graphics
window
3. Select the geometry to be

used for alignment
2. With “Selection”method active December 17,

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Concept Modeling

Alignment using lines or axes.
Line chosen for

alignment
Y
Edg
e Tang
Axis chosen for alignment ent
Edge Tangent
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Concept Modeling

Alignment using
face normal.
Edg
eT
ang
en t
Y
Alignment Faces
Edg
eT
ang December 17,
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Concept Modeling

Alignment using sketch points.
Note: the order of point selection determines cross section alignment.
1 2D points
Y
Selected Line Body
Edge Tangent
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Concept Modeling
Cross Section Offset Training Manual

• Cross Section Offset:
– After assigning a cross section to a line body, the Detail property
allows users to specify the type of offset to use with the cross section:
• Centroid: The cross section is centered on the line body according
to its centroid (default)
• Shear Center: The cross section is centered on the line body
according to its shear center
– Note the graphical display for centroid and shear center appear
the same however, when analyzed, the shear center is used
• Origin: The cross section is not offset and is taken exactly as it
appears in its sketch
• Examples next page
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Concept Modeling
Cross Section Offset… Training Manual

Origin offset
(no offset)
Line Body
Line Body with Centroid/Shear

cross section Center offset
displayed
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Concept Modeling
Surfaces From Lines Training Manual

• Surfaces From Lines:
– Creates surface body using line body edges as the boundary
– Line body edges must form non-intersecting closed loops
– Each closed loop creates a frozen Surface Body
– The loops should form a shape such that a simple surface can be
inserted into the model:
• Planes, cylinders, tori, cones, spheres and simple twisted surfaces
Planar surface Twisted surface
Details window:
• Flip surface normals
• Input thickness which will be December 17,
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Concept Modeling
Surfaces From Lines… Training Manual

• Notes on surface from lines:
– A line body with no cross section can be used to tie together surface
models. In this case the line body acts merely as a mechanism to
insure a continuous mesh at the surface boundaries.
2 Surface Bodies
Line Body (no cross section) Result is continuous FE mesh

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Concept Modeling
Surfaces From Sketches Training Manual

• Surfaces From Sketches:
– Creates surface bodies using sketches as boundaries (single or
multiple sketches are OK)
– Base sketches must be closed profiles which are not self intersecting
– May choose to “Add” or “Add Frozen” operations
– Can reverse normal direction “No” in orient with plane normal field
– Can enter thickness which will be used in creating the FE model
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Concept Modeling
Surfaces From Sketches . . . Training Manual

2 ways to identify sketch
for operation
Click in the “Base Objects”
field
Select the desired

sketch from the tree
then “Apply”
Select a portion of the desired

sketch in the graphics window December 17,
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Concept Modeling
Edge Joints Training Manual

• Edge Joints are the glue that holds together surface bodies that
have been joined and concept models where beams and surfaces
connect. Each time you create a Joint, Lines From Edges, or
Surfaces From Lines feature, edge joints are implicitly created in
DM
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Concept Modeling
Edge Joints… Training Manual

• Edge Joints can be viewed by turning
on the Edge Joints option in the View
menu:
• Edge joints are displayed in either

blue or red.
– Blue: edge joint is contained in
properly defined multi-body part
– Red: edge joint not grouped into the
same part
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Workshop 6-1, Line and Surface Bodies
Training Manual

• Goals:
– Create a sketch representing beams used to stiffen a panel.
– Create a line body from the sketch.
– Choose a beam cross section to be used and assign it to the line body.
– Create a surface model representing the panel.
• >File>New, or Start Page:

– Choose to create new geometry
– At the prompt, set the length unit to millimeter
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Training Manual

Create a rectangle
[Sketch] > Rectangle
1. Place the cursor near the origin

until ‘P’ appears, click then drag
to define the rectangle
Click “>Look At” & “>Zoom to Fit”

tool buttons, and Triad
ISO Ball as desired.
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Training Manual

Dimension the rectangle 600X300 mm
as shown
[Sketch] > Dimension > General
Horizontal = 600 mm
Vertical = 300 mm
Fit the sketch and move dimensions

as necessary
[Sketch] > Dimension > Move
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Training Manual

Add 2 vertical lines and dimension as
shown
[Sketch] > Draw > Line
2. Place the cursor near the top line

until the ‘C’ coincidence
constraint appears. Move the
cursor to the bottom line until
the ‘C’ appears and a ‘V’
indicating a vertical constraint. 3
2
3. Repeat for second line
Apply horizontal dimensions as

shown.
[Sketch] > Dimension > Horizontal
Adjust Details so all dimensions

are as indicated
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Training Manual

Create a Line Body from Sketch1
[Main Menu] > Concept > Lines From

Sketches
4. Select “Sketch1” from the Tree 5

(click the “+” near the XYPlane to
expand that branch if necessary)
and “>Details>Apply” it as the
base object
5. Click >Generate
4
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Training Manual

Select a rectangular tube type
cross section:
[Main Menu] > Concept > Cross

Section > Rectangular Tube
After selection, the cross

section is displayed with its
dimensions.
In this case we will use the

default dimensions.
If desired the cross section

Details can be changed to
modify the cross section.
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Training Manual

With a cross section selected we now
need to associate it with our line
body.
6. Highlight the line body in the tree

and the details shows that no
cross section is yet associated
with it.
[tree] > 1 Part, 1 Body > Line Body

(at bottom of tree) 6
7. Click in the “Cross Section” field
8. Choose “RecTube1” from the drop

down list
8
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Training Manual

After assigning the cross section to
the line body the default display
shows the line body with its
cross section alignment (see
right). We can also display the
beam with the cross section
displayed as a solid.
[Main Menu] > View > Show Cross

Sections Solids
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Training Manual

The next step is to create the
surfaces between the beams.
These surfaces will be shell
meshed in the FE simulation.
10. [Main Menu] > Concept >

Surfaces From Lines
10
Hold the control key and select the 4
lines shown at right.
(or can hold down LMB and sweep

mouse over lines to be group
selected)
11. >Apply
11
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Training Manual

12. “>Generate” the Surface Body.
Note: a frozen surface body is

created, bounded by the
selected lines
12
Repeat the previous steps to create

two more surface bodies
“>Generate” as necessary
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Training Manual

The final modeling operation is to
place all the bodies into a single
part (multi-body part).
We must do this to insure that,

when meshed, each boundary
“recognizes” its neighbor resulting
in a continuous mesh.
Set the Selection Filter to

“Bodies”.
In the graphics window right

mouse click and choose “>Select
All”
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Training Manual

With all bodies selected, again
right click in the graphics
window and choose “Form New
Part”.
By examining the Tree notice a

single part has been formed
which contains 4 bodies.
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Training Manual

• Shown here we have moved to a Simulation environment in
Workbench and meshed the geometry.
– By grouping all bodies into a common (single) part, nodal connectivity
is insured.
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Chapter 6

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• Creating Line Bodies

• Modifying Line Bodies

• Cross Section Alignment

• Cross Section Offset

• Surfaces From Lines

• Workshop 6-1, Line and Surface Bodies

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• To begin Concept Modeling, you can either:

• Line bodies can be created using the concept modeling tools:

• Surface bodies can be created using the concept modeling tools:

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

Selected line Fraction = 0.5 Fraction = 0.25

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• A cross section branch is inserted in the tree where each chosen

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• The cross section is not sketched, rather the cross section’s

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• Cross section alignment is defined by:

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• For either method a rotation angle can be input and/or the

Selection Method Vector Method December 17,

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

Enter the desired

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

1. Select the line body to be

3. Select the geometry to be

2. With “Selection”method active December 17,

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

Line chosen for

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• Examples next page

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

Line Body with Centroid/Shear

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

Planar surface Twisted surface

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

Line Body (no cross section) Result is continuous FE mesh

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

Select the desired

Select a portion of the desired

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• Edge joints are displayed in either

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler

• >File>New, or Start Page:

ANSYS Workbench - DesignModeler