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COMPUTER
Computer is an electronic device that inputs raw data
processes it and produces meaningful information or output.
 Basically, a Computer has 4 main functions:

1. It accepts data and instructions, which

is called INPUT.
4 Main 2. It works on the data as per given
Functions
instructions; this is called
PROCESSING.
3. It stores data in its memory, called
STORAGE.
4. It produces meaningful information,
called OUTPUT.
 A Computer’s functions are performed through
the IPO Cycle.
THE I P O
CYCLE I – INPUT through a Keyboard

P – PROCESSING in CPU

O – OUTPUT on a VDU
DEVICES A computer is made up of devices:

THAT MAKE
UP A
1. That help you to enter data, called INPUT DEVICES,
2. The process data in a CPU,
COMPUTER 3. That store data in a MEMORY DEVICE, and
4. That give results in an OUTPUT DEVICE.
 1. The physical parts of a Computer are called
HARDWARE (Keyboard, CPU, Printer,
Monitor)
SOME IMPORTANT 2. The program or set of instructions that tell a
COMPUTER TERMS Computer what to do are called SOFTWARE
(NotePad, MS Paint, MS Word, WordPad which
are part of Microsoft Windows Software which
are compatible with Windows 10)
3. Raw data or unorganized facts are known as
DATA (4 and 6)
4. When data is organized in a useful or
meaningful way, it is called INFORMATION. (4
plus 6 equals 10)
 1. Speed (super fast)

2. Reliability (does not make mistakes)

CHARACT
ERISTICS 3. Storage (it can store a lot of data, it never
OF A forgets)

COMPUTE 4. Diligence (never gets tired, never gets bored)

R
5. Processing (different types of data to give
information)
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ADVANTAGES AND
LIMITATIONS OF
USING A
COMPUTER
 1. Increase Your Productivity – Computer increases your
productivity and with a good understanding of the
software running on them, you will become more
productive at everything you do.
2. Can Store Vast Amounts of Information and Reduce
Waste – Computers are capable of storing and
ADVANTAG accessing vast amounts of information.
ES 3. Keeps You Connected – Computers can help keep you
connect with long distance friends and family over e-
mail and social networking.
4. Can Make You Money – When connected to the
internet the computer can help you make money
many different ways.
5. Improve You Abilities – You can improve your ability
to use a computer.
 1. Computers Cannot Think – Computer they cannot do
jobs until they are first programmed.
2. Computers Cannot Decide – Computers are incapable
of decision-making as they do not possess the essential
elements of necessary to make a decision.
LIMITATIO 3. Computers Cannot Express their Ideas – In any type
of research computers play a vital role, but they cannot
NS express their ideas.
4. Computers Cannot Implement – Computers are
helpful in the storage of data and contain
encyclopedias, but only humans can implement
policies.
5. Computers do no have IQ
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HISTORY AND
GENERATION OF A
COMPUTER
 COMPUTER
Computer is derived from the word COMPUTE which means to calculate.
Computers are versatile calculating machines that can handle different tasks at the same time.
ABACUS
Wooden Rods
• It is is the first counting
device. Beads
• Created 5000 years ago in
China.
• It is the first mechanical
device for calculations that
can also perform
arithmetical calculations.
ABACUS
• Counting on the abacus can
be done by sliding the beads
across the rods.
• The rods are divided into 2
parts; the upper part is
known as Heaven and the
lower part as Earth.
PASCALINE
• It is the first mechanical
calculator in the word.
• It was invented by a French
Mathematician called Louis
Pascal in 1642
• The Pascaline was named
after Louis Pascal.
PASCALINE
Wheels and Gears
• It could handle decimal
values by rotating a wheel
from 1 to 9 steps. It is used
for adding numbers quickly.
• Taxi Meters use Pascaline.
 CHARLES
BABBAGE
FATHER OF COMPUTERS

British Mathematician who invented the

Analytical Engine in 1833.
Charles Babbage is the person who
introduced the idea of storing and
reading the information before
processing.
ANALYTICAL
ENGINE Wheels and Gears
• It is an engine powered by a
huge steam engine. It can
handle a large amount of
data and process them at
high speed.
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