HSUPA Enhancements

Module 4

Soc Classification level

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Agenda
Introduction and overview
1) RU20 RECAP
2) RU30 Feature overview

Features enhancing already existing concepts

3) HSDPA enhancement
4) HSUPA enhancement
5) Hardware enhancement

Introducing of new concepts

6) State machine concepts
7) Mobility concepts
8) Enhanced HSPA concepts

Performance features
9) New PM features

Soc Classification level

2 © Nokia Siemens Networks
HSUPA Enhancements

Inter-frequency handover
Flexible RLC on UL
HSUPA 16 QAM 11.5 M
Dual cell HSUPA 23 M

Soc Classification level

3 © Nokia Siemens Networks
HSUPA Enhancements

Inter-frequency handover
Flexible RLC on UL
HSUPA 16 QAM 11.5 M
Dual cell HSUPA 23 M

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4 © Nokia Siemens Networks
HSPA IFHO – RU20 and RU30
RU20
• Inter-frequency HO, i.e. compressed mode, available for HSDPA
• But NOT for HSUPA, i.e. compressed mode requires channel type switch
form E-DCH to DCH

RU30
• Inter-frequency HO, i.e. compressed mode, available for HSUPA also
• No channel type switch from E-DCH to DCH required any more
• Less throughput degradation for user
• Less signaling required (no transition E-DCH to DCH in source cell, and DCH to
E-DCH in target cell any more)
• Faster execution of IFHO (gain of up to 1.5 s)

Soc Classification level

5 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Mandatory Features for HSUPA IFHO
Software
• RAN 826 Basic HSUPA
• RAN 1276 HSDPA IFHO

Hardware
• WBTS release 7.0
• RAN 1010 / RAN1848 Flexi BTS System Module release 2 (FSMC/D/E) or
RAN 1671 Enhanced UltraSite BaseBand (EUBB)

RAN826 RAN1010/RAN1848

RAN1668 or
RAN1276 RAN1671

Soc Classification level

6 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Features on Top of HSUPA IFHO
Already existing features extended to HSUPA
• RAN 139 IMSI based HO
• RAN 1596 HSPA capability based HO

New features
• RAN 2172 multi-band load balancing

RAN139 IMSI based HO

RAN1596 HSPA capability based HO

RAN1668 HSUPA IFHO

RAN2172 multi-band load

balancing

Soc Classification level

7 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Feature Activation
The following parameters are required
• HSDPAMobility (RNFC) = enabled
• CMmasterSwitch (RNFC) = used
• BTSSupportForHSPACM (WBTS) = HSPA compressed mode supported

One should pay attention also to the following parameters defining the
maximum allowed number of UEs simultaneously in compressed mode
• MaxNumberUEHSPACmHO (WCEL, 0..127, default =10) for critical IFHO
• MaxNumberUEHSPACmNCHO (WCEL, 0..31, default = 5) for non critical IFHO

Soc Classification level

8 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Compressed Mode Handling
• Both for HSDPA and HSUPA only spreading factor halving used
• Only single gap pattern used
• Transmission Gap Length TGL fixed to 7 slots
• Other compressed mode parameter remain the same as for DCH
• In compressed mode the power of the HSUPA DL control channels is increased by about 3 dB

TGPLHSPAInterFreq = TGPL
TGPLAMRHSPAInterFreq = TGPL
RNHSPA
2..18 frames with steps of 1 frame
Default = 4 frames

TGPL

TGL ≡ 7 slots
TGSN
GapPositionSingleFrame = TGSN
RNMOBI
0..8 slots with steps of 1 slot
Default = 4 slots

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HSUPA IFHO Trigger
Critical IFHO
• Event 1F (all active cells have too low RSCP or EC/I0
• Event 6A (UE transmits with too high power)
• IMSI based HO

Non critical IFHO

• HSPA capability based HO
• HO due to multi-band load balancing (will be discussed by module 7)

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Overall HSUPA IFHO Handling
• 1) HSPA CM can be triggered by coverage, quality, IMSI, HSPA capability or load
• 2) During HSUPA CM the UE may switch to FACH, release RB, setup new RB or modify existing
one due to bit rate upgrade / downgrade
• 3) The HSPA service can be maintained during IFHO. DCH may be setup if no HSPA resources
in target cell are available
• 4) While in HSUPA CM the UE may still perform Serving Cell Change
• HSUPA IFHO target can be any intra or inter BTS, intra or inter RNC cell

HS-DSCH/E-DCH
or HS-DSCH/DCH

4
f2
HS-DSCH/E-DCH
HS-DSCH/E-DCH HSPA Cell
1 HS-DSCH/DCH
3
f2 DCH Cell
DCH/DCH
2
f1 f1

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11 © Nokia Siemens Networks
HSUPA IFHO due to Event 1F / 6A
• Same FMCI parameter as already known for HSDPA
• Same HOPI parameters as already known for R99

Situation in RU10/RU20
UL throughput

1 UE with HSPA service in

HSPA cell on f2
1
HS-DSCH/E-DCH 2 2 f2 coverage edge/bad quality
HS-DSCH/DCH EDCH reconfigured to DCH to
start CM measurements on f1
HS-DSCH/DCH HS-DSCH/E-DCH
or DCH/DCH 3 UE in UL DCH executes IFHO
3 to cell on f1 (HSPA or DCH)
f2
f1 f1
EDCH_UL normal mode EDCH_UL compressed mode
DCH_UL normal mode DCH_UL compressed mode

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12 © Nokia Siemens Networks
HSUPA IFHO due to Event 1F / 6A

RU30 extension
UL throughput

1 UE with HSPA service in

1 HSPA cell on f2
HS-DSCH/E-DCH 2
2 f2 coverage edge
HS-DSCH/E-DCH UE starts CM measurements
on f1 while in UL E-DCH
HS-DSCH/E-DCH UE with UL E-DCH executes
3 3
IFHO to cell on f1
f2
f1 f1

Soc Classification level

13 © Nokia Siemens Networks
New Counters in RNC

Counter ID Counter name Measurement

M1002C676 ALLO_CM_HSUPA_IFHO Traffic

M1002C677 ALLO_DURA_CM_HSUPA_IFHO Traffic

M1008C294 ATT_HSUPA_IFHO Intra-system hard handover

M1002C678 REJ_CM_HSUPA_IFHO Traffic

M1008C295 SUCC_HSUPA_IFHO Intra-system hard handover

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HSUPA Enhancements

Inter-frequency handover
Flexible RLC on UL
HSUPA 16 QAM 11.5 M
Dual cell HSUPA 23 M

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Flexible RLC – RU20 and RU30
RU20
• Flexible RLC available for HSDPA
• But NOT for HSUPA

RU30
• Flexible RLC available for HSUPA also
• Less overhead due to RLC header
• Less overhead due to padding (granularity of standard RLC packets with 336 or
656 bit)

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Mandatory Features for UL Flexible RLC
Software
• RAN 826 Basic HSUPA
• RAN 1638 DL Flexible RLC

Hardware
• WBTS release 7.0
• RAN 1016 / RAN1848 Flexi BTS Multimode System Module (FSME) or
RAN 1671 Enhanced UltraSite BaseBand (EUBB)
• RAN 1226 HSPA Peak Rate Upgrade for RNC196 and RNC450 or
RAN 2261 Flexible User Plane Capacity in RNC196 and RNC450

RAN1016/RAN1848
or
RAN826 RAN1671
RAN1910
RAN1638 RAN1226
or
RAN2261
Soc Classification level
17 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Modification of Protocol Stack
• MAC-e replaced by MAC-i
• MAC-es replaced by MAC-is

UE Without Uplink Flexible RLC SRNC

RLC Node B RLC
MAC-d MAC-d
MAC-e/es MAC-es
MAC-e Frame Frame
Uu Protocol Iub Protocol
WCDMA L1 WCDMA L1
Transport Transport

UE With Uplink Flexible RLC SRNC

RLC Node B RLC
MAC-d MAC-d
MAC-is
MAC-i/is
MAC-i Frame Frame
Uu Protocol Iub Protocol
WCDMA L1 WCDMA L1
Transport Transport

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Modification of Packet Handling
Without Uplink Flexible RLC With Uplink Flexible RLC

PDCP IP packet (max. 1500 byte) IP packet (max. 1500 byte)

segmentation no segmentation

RLC ••• IP packet (max. 1500 byte)

RLC PDU 336 bit or 656 bit adapts RLC PDU size to
16 bit RLC header actual size of higher layer data unit
 5 or 2.5 % overhead  Very small overhead

Concatenation / padding Segmentation / concatenation

MAC-e/es MAC-i/is
TBS (depending on scheduling) TBS (depending on scheduling)
Must contain complete RLC packets Must NOT contain complete RLC packets
Useless padding bits at end of TBS NO padding bits at end of TBS

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Feature Activation
The following parameters are required
• FRLCEnabled (RNFC) = enabled
• FlexULRLCEnabled (RNFC) = enabled

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UL PDU Size
UL RLC PDU size
• UL RLC PDU size no longer fixed, but can vary in dependence on the service
• Minimum PDU size hardcoded by MinULRLCPDUSize to 336 bit
• Maximum PDU size hardcoded by MaxULRLCPDUSize to 12040 bit (= 1505 byte)
• Both settings include the 16 bit RLC header

UL MAC-d PDU size

• Configurable by operator with MaxMACdPDUSizeExt
MaxMACdPDUSizeExt
RNC
1..1505 byte with steps of 1 byte
Default = 1505 byte

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21 © Nokia Siemens Networks
UL RLC PDU Size and 16QAM
• 16QAM can be combined with the following types of UL RLC PDUs
• Flexible UL RLC PDU size (if enabled)
• Static UL RLC PDU size of 656 bit (if flexible RLC disabled)
• Number of HSUPA users with 16QAM limited by HSUPAUserLimit16QAM
• Further users are served with QPSK only and the following types of UL RLC PDUs
• Flexible UL RLC PDU size (if enabled)
• Static UL RLC PDU size of 336 bit (if flexible RLC disabled)

HSUPAUserLimit16QAM
WCEL
1..10 with steps of 1
Default = 2

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New Counters in RNC

Counter ID Counter name Measurement

M1006C233 RADIO BEARER CONFIGURED FOR FLEXIBLE RLC UL RRC signalling (RNC)

M1001C706 UE SUPPORT FOR FLEXIBLE RLC UPLINK Service Level (RNC)

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HSUPA Enhancements

Inter-frequency handover
Flexible RLC on UL
HSUPA 16 QAM 11.5 M
Dual cell HSUPA 23 M

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HSUPA Modulation – RU20 and RU30
RU20
• Only QPSK
• Peak data rate of 5.8 Mbps

RU30
• QPSK or 16QAM in dependence on the available
resources and the quality of the air interface
• Peak data rate of 11.5 Mbps

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Mandatory Features for HSUPA 16QAM
Software
• RAN 826 Basic HSUPA
• RAN 981 HSUPA 5.8 Mbps
• RAN 1470 HSUPA 2 ms TTI
• RAN 1702 Frequency domain equalizer

Hardware
• WBTS release 7.0
• RAN 1016 / RAN1848 Flexi BTS Multimode System Module (FSME) or
RAN 1671 Enhanced UltraSite BaseBand (EUBB)
• RAN 1226 HSPA Peak Rate Upgrade for RNC196 and RNC450 or
RAN 2261 Flexible User Plane Capacity in RNC196 and RNC450

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Mandatory Features for HSUPA 16QAM

RAN1016/RAN1848
RAN826
or

RAN981 RAN1671
RAN1645
RAN1470 RAN1226
or
RAN1702
RAN2261

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27 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Recommended Features for HSUPA 16QAM
Already existing features
• RAN 1231 HSPA over Iur

New features
• RAN 1910 Flexible RLC on UL (otherwise RLC PDU size of 656 bit used)
• RAN 1308 HSUPA interference cancellation receiver (for 16QAM very high SINR required)

RAN1231 HSPA over Iur

RAN1645 HSUPA 16QAM

RAN1910 Flexible RLC on UL

RAN1308 HSUPA interference
cancellation receiver
Soc Classification level
28 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Peak Throughput and UE Categories
Peak throughput
• QPSK
• 1xSF4 → 3.840 / 4 = 0.96 Mbps
• 2xSF4 → 2 * 0.96 = 1.92 Mbps
• 2xSF2 → 2 * 3.840 / 2 = 3.84 Mbps
• 2xSF2 + 2xSF4 → 3.84 + 1.92 = 5.76 Mbps
• 16QAM
• 2xSF2 + 2xSF4 → 2 * 5.76 = 11.5 Mbps

UE categories
• QPSK
• 1xSF4 → category 1
• 2xSF4 → categories 2 + 3
• 2xSF2 → categories 4 + 5
• 2xSF2 + 2xSF4 → category 6
• 16QAM
• 2xSF2 + 2xSF4 → category 7

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Peak Throughput and UE Categories

E- DCH max. min. 2 & 10 ms max. #. of max. # of Modu- Reference

Category E-DCH SF TTI E-DCH E-DCH Bits* / E-DCH Bits* / lation combination
Codes support 10 ms TTI 2 ms TTI Class
1 1 4 10 ms only 7296 - QPSK 0.73 Mbps
2 2 4 10 & 2 ms 14592 2919 QPSK 1.46 Mbps
3 2 4 10 ms only 14592 - QPSK 1.46 Mbps
4 2 2 10 & 2 ms 20000 5772 QPSK 2.92 Mbps
5 2 2 10 ms only 20000 - QPSK 2.0 Mbps
6 4 2 10 & 2 ms 20000 11484 QPSK 5.76 Mbps
7 4 2 10 & 2 ms 20000 22996 QPSK & 11.5 Mbps
16QAM

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16QAM Concept
• QPSK realized by dual branch BPSK
• 16QAM realized by dual branch 4PAM (pulse-amplitude modulation with 4 states)
• Feeding 4PAM symbol to I-branch with channelization code SF2 and SF4
• and feeding 4PAM symbols to Q-branch with code SF2 and SF4

SF2 4PAM
SF2 4PAM

Soc Classification level

31 © Nokia Siemens Networks
16QAM Concept
Eb ES EC
SF=2
Cch,2,1 ed,1
4 symbols E-DPDCH1 4PAM modulation
mapper

+ SF=4
Cch,4,1 ed,3
E-DPDCH2 4PAM modulation  I
4 symbols mapper

Cch,256,1ec
E-DPCCH BPSK modulation
mapper I+jQ = 16 symbols
S = 16 QAM
SF=2
Cch,2,1 ed,2
4 symbols
E-DPDCH3 4PAM modulation
mapper
+ SF=4
Cch,4
,1 ed,4
4 symbols E-DPDCH4 4PAM modulation
 Q
mapper

Cch,256,0c j
DPCCH BPSK modulation
mapper
Soc Classification level
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Feature Activation
The following parameter settings are required
• MaxTotalUplinkSymbolRate (WCEL) = 5.76 Mbps (2xSF2 + 2xSF4)
• HSUPA2MSTTIEnabled (WCEL) = enabled
• fdeEnabled (BTSSC) = enabled
• HSUPA16QAMAllowed (WCEL) = enabled

The following parameter settings are recommended

• HSPAOverIur (IUR) = enabled
• FlexULRLCEnabled (RNFC) = enabled
• AdminPICState (WCEL) = enabled

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33 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Selection of Modulation
• In principle, E-TFCI selection works by the same way as already known from previous NSN
releases
• But new E-TFCI tables defined for 16QAM by 3GPP (table 2 and table 3)
• NSN currently applies table 2 only
• The switching point to go to 16QAM corresponds to E-TFCI level 103 = 4.225 Mbps

 Switching point at 4.225 Mbps

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Selection of Modulation
• Table 3 not available yet
• The switching point to go to 16QAM corresponds to E-TFCI level 69 = 4.291 Mbps

 Switching point at 4.291 Mbps

Soc Classification level

35 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Selection of Modulation
• Table 2 gives an exponential increase of transport block size
• Table 3 gives roughly a linear increase of transport block size

25000

22500
Table 2
20000
Transport Block Size (bits)

17500 Table 3

15000

12500
NSN
10000 implementation
Switch to
7500 16QAM
5000

2500

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
E-TFCI

Soc Classification level

36 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Selection of Modulation
• Before offering 16QAM, the air interface must be already good enough for 2xSF2 +
2xSF4
• The maximum number of users with 16QAM is limited by HSUPAUserLimit16QAM
(already discussed under Flexible RLC on UL)

16QAM

2xSF2 + 2xSF4

2xSF2

2xSF4

SF4
Soc Classification level
37 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Selection of Modulation
Channel Bits per TTI vs RLC bitrate for 2ms TTI

2xN2+2xN4
+ 16QAM
Code and Modulation Combination

Table 2
Table 3
2xN2+2xN4

2xN2

2xN4 Switch to
N4 16QAM
N8, N16, N32
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
RLC bitrate [kbps]

Soc Classification level

38 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Handling of UL Interference
• 16QAM services introduce a very high amount of interference which can be reduced
by
• Frequency domain equalizer → less inter-symbol interference due to low spreading factors
for 16QAM users (see module 8)
• HSUPA interference cancellation receiver → less intra-cell interference for non 16QAM
users (see module 8)
• E-DPCCH boosted mode → more power for E-DPCCH relative to E-DPDCH with increasing
data rate (see module 8)

Soc Classification level

39 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Capacity Enhancement
• Macro cell
• Pedestrian A3 fading channel
• Capacity gain of about 30% with 16QAM
HSUPA Pole capacity per cell HSUPA QPSK 10ms 16QAM
Mean Cell 2.27 Mbps 2.93 Mbps
2931 Capacity

3000
2271
2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
HSUPA QPSK HSUPA 16QAM
Cell capacity [kbps]

Soc Classification level

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New Counters in WBTS

Counter ID Counter name Measurement

M5000C359 SUM OF ACTIVE 16QAM UL USERS M5000 HSPA in WBTS

M5000C360 SUM OF CORRECTLY RECEIVED MAC-E PDUs WITH 16QAM UL M5000 HSPA in WBTS

M5000C361 SUM OF INCORRECTLY RECEIVED MAC-E PDUs WITH 16QAM UL M5000 HSPA in WBTS

Soc Classification level

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HSUPA Enhancements

Inter-frequency handover
Flexible RLC on UL
HSUPA 16 QAM 11.5 M
Dual cell HSUPA 23 M

Soc Classification level

42 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Dual Cell HSUPA – RU20 and RU30
RU20
• Transmission on single carrier only
• Peak data rate of 5.8 Mbps (QPSK)

RU30
• Transmission on two carriers possible
• Peak data rate of 23 Mbps (16 QAM)

Soc Classification level

43 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Mandatory Features for Dual Cell HSUPA
Software
• RAN 826 Basic HSUPA
• RAN 981 HSUPA 5.8 Mbps
• RAN 1470 HSUPA 2 ms TTI
• RAN 1910 Flexible RLC in UL
• RAN 1201 Fractional DPCH
• RAN 1906 DC HSDPA 42 M

Hardware
• WBTS release 7.0
• RAN 1016 / RAN1848 Flexi BTS Multimode System Module (FSME) or
RAN 1671 Enhanced UltraSite BaseBand (EUBB)
• RAN 1226 HSPA Peak Rate Upgrade for RNC196 and RNC450 or
RAN 2261 Flexible User Plane Capacity in RNC196 and RNC450
• CDSP-DH card

Soc Classification level

44 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Mandatory Features for Dual Cell HSUPA

RAN826
RAN1016/RAN1848
RAN981
or
RAN1470 RAN1671
RAN1905
RAN1910 RAN1226
or
RAN1201
RAN2261
RAN1906

Soc Classification level

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Recommended Features for Dual Cell HSUPA
New features
• RAN 1645 HSUPA 16 QAM (to achieve 23 M)
• RAN 1702 Frequency domain equalizer (required for HSUPA 16 QAM)
• RAN 1308 HSUPA interference cancellation receiver (for 16QAM very high SINR required)

RAN 1308 HSUPA IC receiver

RAN1905 HSUPA

RAN 1645 HSUPA 16 QAM

RAN 1702 Frequency domain

equalizer
Soc Classification level
46 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Peak Throughput and UE Categories
Peak throughput
• Single carrier
• QPSK 5.76 Mbps
• 16 QAM 2 * 5.76 = 11.5 Mbps
• Dual cell
• QPSK 2 * 5.76 = 11.5 Mbps
• 16 QAM 2 * 11.5 = 23 Mbps

UE categories
• Single carrier
• QPSK 5.76 Mbps → category 6
• 16 QAM 11.5 Mbps → category 7
• Dual cell
• QPSK 11.5 Mbps → category 8
• 16 QAM 23 Mbps → category 9

Soc Classification level

47 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Peak Throughput and UE Categories

E- DCH max. min. 2 & 10 ms max. # of Modu- Reference

Category E-DCH SF TTI E-DCH E-DCH Bits* / lation combination
Codes support 2 ms TTI Class
6 4 2 10 & 2 ms 11484 QPSK 5.76 Mbps
7 4 2 10 & 2 ms 22996 QPSK & 11.5 Mbps
16QAM
8 4 2 10 & 2 ms 11484 QPSK 11.5 Mbps
9 4 2 10 & 2 ms 22996 QPSK & 23 Mbps
16QAM

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Limitations of Dual Cell HSUPA
For cells and carriers
• UE must be in DC-HSDPA active mode (i.e. no DC-HSUPA together with SC-HSDPA)
• DC-HSUPA operated cells must be within same sector and must corresponds to DC-HSDPA
cells
• Primary and secondary DL carriers coupled by same duplex distance with corresponding UL
carriers
• Primary and secondary carriers need to belong to same NodeB, same band, and need to be
adjacent
• Max possible carrier-configurations for site with 3 sectors
• 3+3+3 = (1xDC + 1xSC) per sector
• 4+4+4 = (1xDC + 1xDC) per sector
tor2
or 1 c
Sect 1 Se
r i m a r y c arrier DL
P
1
y c arrier UL x DL
P r i m ar Duple
x UL
Duple y ca rr ier DL 2 Secto
r3
Second a r
L2
o n d ar y carrier U
Sec

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49 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Limitations of Dual Cell HSUPA
For services
• DC-HSUPA for interactive and background traffic class only
• Up to 3 NRT RABs simultaneously allowed
• With DC-HSUPA active, the following services are not supported
• CS voice over HSPA
• R99 AMR voice call
• Streaming traffic class (RT traffic to support ignalling radio bearers realized as non
scheduled transmission on primary carrier only
• No parallel operation on DPDCH allowed
Miscellaneous
• Iur not supported in current RU 30 timeframe

Soc Classification level

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Channel Structure

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51 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Channel Structure
• Only one HS-DPCCH
• Transmitted on carrier of serving E-DCH cell (primary carrier)
• ACK/NACK, CQI from both HSDPA cells mapped on this channel
• Two times E-DPDCH + E-DPCCH to be supported by UE, i.e. less power available
per carrier
• Two independent UL power control loops with two independent TPC in DL,
therefore two F-DPCH
• Individual resource grant on each carrier, two times E-AGCH + E-RGCH
• Same E-TFC tables have to be used for both carriers
• But different amount of resources can be scheduled
• In dependence on scheduled resources and available UE power the following
scenarios are possible
• QPSK + QPSK
• 16 QAM + QPSK
• 16 QAM + 16 QAM
• Individual ACK / NACK on each carrier, two times E-HICH

Soc Classification level

52 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Feature Activation
The following parameter settings are required
• MaxTotalUplinkSymbolRate (WCEL) = 5.76 Mbps (2xSF2 + 2xSF4)
• HSUPA2MSTTIEnabled (WCEL) = enabled
• FlexULRLCEnabled (RNFC) = enabled
• DCellHSUPAEnabled (WCEL) = enabled
• FDPCHEnabled (WCEL) = enabled
• DCellHSDPAEnabled (WCEL) = enabled

The following parameter settings are recommended

• fdeEnabled (BTSSC) = enabled
• HSUPA16QAMAllowed (WCEL) = enabled
• AdminPICState (WCEL) = enabled

Soc Classification level

53 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Maximum Number of E-DCH
• The maximum number of E-DCH must be set for each
• HSUPA cell by MaxNumberEDCHCell
• Logical cell group by MaxNumberEDCHLCG
• HSDPA scheduler by MaxNumberEDCHS

MaxNumberEDCHCell
WCEL
1..1024 with steps of 1
Default = 0 (no restriction)

MaxNumberEDCHLCG
WCEL
1..1024 with steps of 1
Default = 0 (no restriction)

MaxNumberEDCHS
WCEL
1..1024 with steps of 1
Default = 0 (no restriction)

Soc Classification level

54 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Mobility
• Intra-frequency handover parameters can be configured separately on both carriers
and may differ from each other
• The E-DCH active sets on both carriers are independent, but
• Serving E-DCH cell within the sector as HSDPA pair
• Active set on secondary carrier updated simultaneously with that on primary carrier
• Maximum number of SHO branches = 4 (2 + 2 or 3 + 1)
• All intra-frequency handover events 1A to 1F supported on primary carrier, event 1D
not supported on secondary carrier

Soc Classification level

55 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Benefit for Throughput per Sector
• 19 NodeB, each with 3 sectors
• Full buffer traffic model
• Inter site distance 1000 m
• 10 dB indoor penetration
• Average number of users per sector 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 10
EUL Full Buffer Results
Average Sector Throughput [Mbit/s]

6
Single Carrier
Dual Carrier Gain results from
5 Double Single Carriers doubling bandwidth
150% statistical multiplexing
frequency diversity

160%
4
146%

Gain of DC HSUPA against two

130%
3 single carriers about 30%

0
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

Average number of users per sector 2 x

Soc Classification level
56 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Benefit for Throughput per User
EUL Full Buffer Results
7
Average User Throughput [Mbit/s]

Single Carrier With 1UE per sector, DC operation

6
Dual Carrier more than doubles avarage user
Double Single Carriers
throughput compared to single
carrier operation
5

With high number of UEs

4
throughput
converge against that of two single
3 carriers

0
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
x
Average number of users per sector 2

Soc Classification level

57 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Impact on Coverage
• UE power shared among two carriers, i.e. 3 dB less power available per carrier
• But to achieve same data rate R as with single carrier, only R/2 has to be achieved
per carrier
• 3 dB more processing gain available per carrier
• Less Eb/N0 needed per carrier
• Less own cell interference introduced per carrier

Soc Classification level

58 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Impact on Coverage
• UE throughput versus path loss for SC and DC HSUPA
• VehA3 channel,
• Without inter-cell interference
Single NRT UE TP vs. path loss, SC- and DC-HSUPA modes,
Noise Rise Target 9 dB, Isolated cell, VehA3 channel, EvalNo. 1150

NRT UE TP (SC)
7000 NRT UE TP (DC), carrier 1
NRT UE TP (DC), carrier 2
6000 NRT UE TP (DC), both carriers

Gain by data rate

5000
UE TP / kbps 

sharing dominates
4000
DC coverage > SC
coverage
3000
Lack of UE power
2000 dominates at cell edge
DC coverage < SC
1000 coverage

0
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
Path Loss / dB 
Soc Classification level
59 © Nokia Siemens Networks
New Counters in WBTS

Counter ID Counter name Measurement

M5005C36 SUM OF DC HSUPA USERS M5005 HSPA in WBTS Extension

M5005C37 MAX NUMBER OF DC HSUPA USERS M5005 HSPA in WBTS Extension

M5005C38 SUM OF ACTIVE DC HSUPA USERS USING 2C M5005 HSPA in WBTS Extension

M5005C39 SUM OF ACTIVE DC HSUPA USERS USING 1C M5005 HSPA in WBTS Extension

Soc Classification level

60 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Thank You !

61 © Nokia Siemens Networks RU30 for Network Planners 2011