GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Name: Marufa Yeasmin

Roll:19531042
Dept. of Environmental Science
CONTENTS:
• Introduction
• Geothermal Reservoirs
• Extraction & Uses of Geothermal Energy
• Electricity Generation
• Cost
• Geothermal Energy in India
• Pros and Cons
• Conclusion
 Introduction
What is Geothermal Energy ?
It’s simply the heat energy of the
earth, generated by various natural
processes, such as:

1. decay of radioactive elements

2. The geothermal energy of the
Earth's crust originates from the
original formation of the planet .

The deeper you go, the hotter it is !!!

 Geothermal Reservoirs
Reservoirs can be suspected in the areas
where we find :-
 Geyser
 Fumaroles
 Volcano Fumaroles
 Hot springs

Volcano
Geyser
Hot spring
 Geothermal Reservoirs
The rising hot water & steam is
trapped in permeable & porous rocks
to form a geothermal reservoir.

Reservoirs can be
discovered by-

 testing the soil

 analyzing underground
temperature
 Extraction & uses
The heat energy can be brought to earth
surface by following ways.

• directly from hot springs/ geysers

• geothermal heat pump 

Uses are broadly classified as:-

•direct use
•indirect use
 Direct use of Geothermal Energy

• Hot springs, used as

spas.
• Heating water at fish
farms.
• Provide heat for
buildings.
• Raising plants in
greenhouses, drying
crops.
• Provides heat to
industrial processes.
 Indirect use of Geothermal Energy
•Electricity Generation:

There are 3 types of power plants:-

Dry steam power plant

Flash steam power plant
Binary cycle power plant
 Dry Steam power plant
Dry steam plants use steam directly from a geothermal
reservoir to turn generator turbines. The first geothermal
power plant was built in 1904 in Tuscany, Italy, where
natural steam erupted from the earth.
 Flash steam power plant
Flash steam plants take high-pressure hot water
from deep inside the earth and convert it to steam to
drive generator turbines
 Binary cycle power plants
Binary cycle power plants transfer the heat from
geothermal hot water to another liquid. The heat causes
the second liquid to turn to steam, which is used to drive a
generator turbine.
 Cost
Direct use of geothermal energy is absolutely
cheaper than other energy sources.
Cost of electricity generation
depends upon certain factors:
• Temperature and depth of resource
• Type of resource (steam, liquid, mix)
• Available volume of resource
• Size and technology of plant
The initial investment is high.
But after certain time period, the cost of electricity
becomes comparable to other resources of energy.
 Geothermal Energy in Bangladesh
Research for utilizing geothermal resources of Bangladesh
has been largely restricted within few works carried out by
geologists. In 2011, Anglo MGH Energy, a Dhaka based
private company announced the construction of 200 MW
geothermal plant, first ever of such kind, in Thakurgaon
district .But for some unknown reasons, this project never
commenced, and no development in this field has been
announced afterwards.
Advantages

1. Geothermal Energy Sourcing Is Good

for the Environment

2. Geothermal Is a Reliable Source of

Renewable Energy

3. High Efficiency of Geothermal Systems

4. Little to No Geothermal System

Maintenance
 Disadvantages
1. Environmental Concerns about Greenhouse
Emissions

2. Possibility of Depletion of Geothermal Sources

3. High Investment Costs for Geothermal

System

4. Land Requirements for Geothermal

System to Be Installed