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Structural Analysis 7 Edition in SI Units
Structural Analysis 7 Edition in SI Units
Deflections
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Deflection diagrams & the elastic curve
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Deflection diagrams & the elastic curve
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
In (a), the roller at A allows free rotation with no deflection while
the fixed wall at B prevents both rotation & deflection. The
deflected shape is shown by the bold line.
In (c), the couple moment will rotate end A. This will cause
deflections at both ends of the beam since no deflection is
possible at B & C. Notice that segment CD remains un-deformed
since no internal load acts within.
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Elastic Beam theory
( y )d d 1
d y
• If the material is homogeneous & behaves in a
linear manner, then Hooke’s law applies
/E
• The flexure formula also applies
My / I
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Elastic Beam theory
1 M
EI
the radius of curvature at a specific point on the elastic curve
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Elastic Beam theory
M
dθ dx
EI
1 d 2 v / dx 2
v axis as ve ,
[1 (dv / dx) 2 ]3 / 2
M d 2 v / dx 2
Therefore,
EI [1 (dv / dx) 2 ]3 / 2
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Elastic Beam theory
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
The double integration method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
The double integration method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
The double integration method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
The double integration method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Example 8.1
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
20kNm(3.6m)
A 6 6 12 4
0.0529rad
[200(10 )kN / m2 ][6.8(10 )(10 )m
20kNm(3.6m) 2
vA 6 6 12 4
95.3mm
2[200(10 )kN / m2 ][6.8(10 )(10 )m
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Moment-Area theorems
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Moment-Area theorems
B M
B/ A dx
A EI
• Theorem 1
• The change in slope between any 2 points on the
elastic curve equals the area of the M/EI diagram
between the 2 points
• The second moment-area theorem is based on the
relative derivation of tangents to the elastic curve
• Shown in Fig 8.12(c) is a greatly exaggerated view
of the vertical deviation dt of the tangents on each
side of the differential element, dx
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Moment-Area theorems
• Centroid of an area
x dA xdA
M
B
t A/ B x dx
A EI
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Moment-Area theorems
• Theorem 1
• The vertical deviation of the tangent at a point (A)
on the elastic curve wrt the tangent extended from
another point (B) equals the “moment” of the area
under the M/EI diagram between the 2 points (A &
B)
• This moment is computed about point A where the
derivation is to be determined
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Moment-Area theorems
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Moment-Area theorems
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Example 8.5
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
B B/ A; C C / A
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
The –ve sign indicates that the angle is measured clockwise from
A.
In a similar manner, the area under the M/EI diagram between
points A & C equals (C/A).
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
1 100kNm 500kNm 2
C C / A (10m)
2 EI EI
Substituting numerical values of EI, we have :
500kNm 2
6 2 6 12 4
0.00694rad
[200(10 )kN / m ][360(10 )(10 )m ]
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Conjugate-Beam method
dV d 2M
w w
dx dx2
d M d 2v M
dx EI dx2 EI
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Conjugate-Beam method
• Or integrating,
V wdx M wdx dx
M M
dx v dx dx
EI EI
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Conjugate-Beam method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Conjugate-Beam method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Conjugate-Beam method
• Theorem 2
• The disp. of a point in the real beam is numerically
equal to the moment at the corresponding point in
the conjugate beam
• When drawing the conjugate beam, it is important
that the shear & moment developed at the
supports of the conjugate beam account for the
corresponding slope & disp of the real beam at its
supports
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Conjugate-Beam method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Conjugate-Beam method
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Example 8.5
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
w / x (18 / EI ) / 9
V ' 0
Fy 0
45 1 2 x
x 0
EI 2 EI
x 6.71m (0 x 9m) OK
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
Using this value for x, the max deflection in the real beam
corresponds to the moment M’.
Hence,
45 1 2(6.71) 1
(6.71) 6.71 (6.71) M ' 0
EI 2 EI 3
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Solution
201.2kNm 3
max M '
EI
201.2kNm 3
[200(10 6 )kN / m 2 ][60(10 6 )mm 4 (1m 4 /(103 ) 4 mm 4 )]
0.0168m 16.8mm
Chapter 8: Deflections
Structural Analysis 7 th Edition
© 2009 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd