Aggression

and Anti-social
Behaviour
B Y: NE SS AL I J O R AD AZ A
Aggression
•any behavior intended to
harm another person
who is motivated to
avoid the harm
• hostile aggression-“hot,” impulsive, angry
behavior that is motivated by a desire to
harm someone
• instrumental aggression-“cold,”
premeditated, calculated harmful behavior
that is a means to some practical or
material end
• passive aggression-harming others by
withholding a behavior (e.g., purposely
failing to convey an important message)
• active aggression-harming others by
performing a behavior (e.g., spreading
vicious rumors
Violence aggression
• Is aggression that has as its
goal extreme physical
harm, such as injury or
death
Antisocial behavior
• behavior that either
damages interpersonal
relationships or is culturally
undesirable
Theories of
Aggression
Instinct Theories
“The tendency to aggression is an
innate, independent, instinctual
disposition in man . . . it constitutes
the powerful obstacle to culture.”
- human motivational forces, such as
sex and aggression, are based on
instincts.
—Sigmund Freud
Learning Theories
• aggression is not an innate drive like hunger in
search of gratification. People learn aggressive
behaviors the same way they learn other social
behaviors—by direct experience and by observing
others. --Bandura, 1973, 1983; Mischel, 1973; Mischel
& Shoda, 1995
• In social learning theory, the shift is from internal
causes to external ones. When people observe and
copy the behavior of others, this is called modeling.
• Modeling-observing and copying or imitating the
behavior of others
Nature and Nurture
Nature and Nurture suggests
that aggression is both
learned and innate, thus
becoming the middle ground
for the former theories