OBJECTIVE

• To study lift and pressure coefficient for NACA

0012 airfoil for various angles of attack for 2D,
incompressible flow (Re= 3*10^6).
• Compare these results against experimental
data of 2D wind tunnel test for NACA 0012.
 NACA 0012- TERMINOLOGY
• 4 digit code is used to describe airfoil.
• „ 1st digit -maximum camber in per cent chord.
• „ 2nd digit -location of maximum camber along chord line
(from leading edge) in tenths of chord.
• „ 3rd and 4th digits -maximum thickness in per cent chord.
STALLING
 1.Problem Description
(Geometry)
The problem considers flow around an airfoil at different angle of attack . The
flow velocity is taken as 10 m/s , resulting Mach no. well below 0.3. Hence model
can be safely assumed as incompressible . The chord length is 1m. Re= 3*10^6.
Fluid properties: Density= 1kg/m^3 ;viscosity= 3.3*10^-6 kg/m-s.
 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
• Inlet: Inlet velocity condition is specified at the left
boundary of the domain.
• Pressure: gauge pressure of 0 Pa is applied at the
right boundary of the domain.
• Wall/Body: Null velocity is applied in order to
enforce the no-slip condition at the surface of the
airfoiI.
EXTERNAL DOMAIN
 2. MESHING
• A C-Mesh was chosen to represent the external domain enabling the
construction of a smooth mesh in the interior of the domain.

• Quadrilateral cells were used for this simple geometry because they can be
stretched easily to account for different flow gradients in different directions. In
the present case, the gradients normal to the airfoil wall are much greater than
those tangent to the airfoil. Consequently, the cells near the surface have high
aspect ratios. For geometries that are more difficult to mesh, it may be easier to
create a hybrid mesh comprised of quadrilateral and triangular cells.
3. SOLVER

• For pressure-velocity coupling ,SIMPLE scheme chosen.

• Then spatial discretization was done and calculation done

after setting materials, velocities, monitors and
initialization.

• For this problem Spalart-Allmaras(1 equation) turbulence

model was chosen.
POST-PROCESSING(RESULTS)

STATIC PRESSURE CONTOUR FOR DIFFERENT ANGLE OF ATTACK

0◦ 2◦

ZERO DEGREE 4 DEGREE

4◦ 6◦
8◦ 9◦

10◦ 11◦
PRESSURE COEFFICIENT

LIFT COEFFICIENT
PRESSURE COEFFICIENT FOR DIFFERENT ANGLES OF ATTACK:

0◦ 2◦
4◦
6◦
8◦
9◦
10◦
11◦
PLOT OF LIFT COEFFICIENT vs ANGLE OF ATTACK