Project Planning

and
Development
Planning provides a framework for
organizing resources, structuring a firm,
and controlling activities.
 Relevance of Planning

1. To Off- set uncertainty and

change – know that the future is not
certain .
2. To focus attention on
objectives – planning is directed
towards achieving objectives.
3. To gain economical and efficient
operation- planning minimize costs.
4.To facilitate control- managers
cannot always check on the
accomplishment or failures of their
subordinates.
 Factors Affecting Planning

1.Condition- In spite of the dynamic

nature business, they are nevertheless
susceptible to marked changes and
development so much so that if they are
unable to meet and sold them, many aspects
of its operations may become seriously
impaired.
2. Time factor – In planning, the
executive face a span of time within which to
carru out the plans into execution.
3. Resources available – The best of plan
would be unproductive of good results in the
absence of available resources that the
business enterprise need for its continuous
operation.
4. Skills and attitudes of
manaegement – one of the common
causes behind the failure of planning as a
process and moreover, as a function of
management is the absence of total
involvement on the part of all levels in the
planning process.
5. Political, social and environmental
conditions - In our country which does
not sanction the existence of private free
enterprise, most planing is done by the
government.
6. Physical Facilities – Modern
production is anchored on the better use of
existing plans and equipment through
improved science and technology.
7. Collection and analysis of data –
Planning depends for its effectiveness on the
quality and quantity of data involve in the
planning process.
Thank you!