Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Audit of Cash
Balances
What are the auditor’s primary
concerns with regard to
cash?
What are the auditor’s primary
concerns with regard to cash?
- existence
What are the auditor’s primary
concerns with regard to cash?
- existence
- completeness
What are the auditor’s primary
concerns with regard to cash?
- existence
- completeness
- physical control
What are the auditor’s primary
concerns with regard to cash?
- existence
- completeness
- physical control
-
presentation
and disclosure
Cash Audit Procedures
perform
analytical
procedures
to test the
reasonableness
of cash
balances
Cash Audit Procedures
Enquire of management regarding any
cash requirements or restrictions
from debt agreements.
What is kiting?
What is kiting?
Kiting is an irregularity whereby
an overstatement of cash is
cre- ated by a cash transfer
between bank accounts.
What is kiting?
Kiting is an irregularity whereby
an overstatement of cash is
cre- ated by a cash transfer
between bank accounts.
The deposit is
recorded in cash receipts but
the disbursement is not re-
corded in cash disbursements.
Kiting example
On 12/31, Ace’s bookkeeper writes a $5,000 cheque
on the National Bank and deposits the cheque
in the Canadian Bank account.
Canadian
Kiting example
On 12/31, Ace’s bookkeeper writes a $5,000 cheque
on the National Bank and deposits the cheque
in the Canadian Bank account.
National will not be aware of
National the cheque until notification from
Canadian, probably during the
first few days of January.
?
Cash Audit Procedures
Obtain a bank cutoff statement directly
from the bank.
A bank cutoff
statement is prepared
ten business days after the
balance sheet date.
Cash Audit Procedures
Obtain a bank cutoff statement directly
from the bank.
A bank cutoff
statement is prepared
ten business days after the
balance sheet date.
Most items that were outstand-
ing at year-end have cleared
when the cutoff statement
is prepared (cheques,
deposits).
Cash Audit Procedures
Obtain a bank cutoff statement directly
from the bank.
What
is a proof
of cash?
Cash Audit Procedures
Obtain or prepare a year-end bank
reconciliation or proof of cash for
each client bank account.
A proof of
cash is a working
paper prepared by the auditor to
reconcile the bank’s record of the
client’s beginning balance, cash
deposits, cleared cheques, and
ending balance for the period with
the client’s records.
Cash Audit Procedures
Obtain or prepare a year-end bank
reconciliation or proof of cash for
each client bank account.
Trace amounts to
the schedule of bank transfers,
cash receipts and payments
journals, year-end reconcilia-
tion, year-end bank statement,
and cutoff bank statement.
What will a bank reconciliation
help the auditor determine?
What will a bank reconciliation help the
auditor determine?
-
unrecorded deposits that have
not cleared the bank
What will not be detected by a
bank reconciliation?
-
unrecorded cheques that have
not cleared the bank (possible
kiting)
-
unrecorded deposits that have
not cleared the bank
-
cheques written for
Cash Audit Procedures
BANK
Confirm all cash
balances held by
third parties, such as
banks and other financial
institutions.
Cash Audit Procedures
Confirm all cash balances held
by third parties, such as
banks and other financial
institutions.
possibly through
use of the standard
bank confirmation
Cash Audit Procedures
Count all cash on hand at the client’s
premises. If cash is located in multiple
places, count cash simultaneously to
avoid double counting.
Cash Audit Procedures
Review cutoff
of cash receipts
and
disbursements.
Cash Audit Procedures
Account for the numeric sequence of
cancelled cheques. Investigate missing
cheques. Ace Company
6462
Ace Company 6461
Ace Company
6459 ?
Ace Company 6458 Ace
Company 6457
NATIONAL BA NK
Cash Audit Procedures
Review monthly
client-prepared
bank
reconciliations.
Cash Audit Procedures
Investigate any cheques
made out to cash or
bearer.
Ace Company 6458
CASH
NATIONAL BANK
Cash Audit Procedures
Investigate any cheques that were
returned by the bank because the client
account had insufficient funds.
Ace Company 6458
NSF
NATIONAL BANK
Cash Audit Procedures
Review and recalculate translations
of foreign currencies.
Cash Audit Procedures
Trace a sample of entries from cash receipts journal
to a/r subsidiary ledger
5/23
$23,000
Cash Audit Procedures
Trace a sample of entries from cash receipts journal
to a/r subsidiary ledger to bank statements to
deposit slips.
Payments:
1/26 $4300
Cash Audit Procedures
Trace a sample of entries from cash payments
journal to a/p subsidiary ledger to bank statement to
cancelled cheques.
1/26 $4300