PRESENTED TO

SIR SAMIULLAH
PRESENTED BY
SUFIAN AHMAD
ROLL NO # 1336
G.C UNIVERSITY
FAISALABAD
Number System and Types
A set of values used to represent different
quantities is know as Number System. Some
important number systems are as follow.
 Decimal Number System
 Binary Number System
 Octal Number System
 Hexadecimal Number System
 Decimal Number:
The decimal number system consists of ten digits
from 0 to 9.These digits can be used to represent any
numeric value. The base of decimal number system is 10. It
is the most widely used number system. For example
568,965,4522 etc.

Binary Number:
The binary number system consists of two digits 0
or 1. Its base is 2. Each digit or bit in binary number system
can be 0 or 1. A combination of binary numbers may be
used to represent different quantities. For example 10001,
10011100, 100011 etc.
 Octal Number:
Octal number system consists of eight digits from
0 to 7.The base of octal system is 8.Any digit in this system
is always less than 8. For example 347, 5661, 5546 etc.

Hexadecimal Number:
This number system consists of 16 digits from 0
to 9 and A to F. The alphabets A to F represented decimal
numbers from 10 to 15.The base of this number system is
16. For example 1A3FF, 255, FDD, etc.
 Decimal Number System
Base 10
Digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
e.g. 658910

The magnitude represented by a digit is decided by the

position of the digit within the number.
For example the digit 6 in the left-most position of 6589 counts
for 6000 and the digit 8 in the second position from the right
counts for 80.
 Binary Number System:

Base 2
Digits 0, 1
e.g. 10102

The digit 0 in the third position from the right represents the
value 4 and the digit 1 in the fourth position from the right
represents the value 8.
Example:
10112
= 1 x 23 + 0 x 22 + 1 x 21 + 1 x 20
= 8 + 0 + 2 +1
= 1110

1011 in binary number system is11 in decimal

number system
 Octal Number System:
Base 8
Digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
e.g. 15838

The digit 8 in the 2nd position from the right represents the value
16 and the digit 1 in the 4th position from the right represents the
value 512.
 Hexadecimal Number System:
Base 16
Digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F
e.g. 2F4D 16

The digit F in the third position from the right represents the value
256 and the digit D in the first position from the right represents the
value 1.
Numbers can be converted from one number
system to another number system
DECIMAL BINARY OCTAL HEXA
0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 10 2 2
3 11 3 3
4 100 4 4
5 101 5 5
6 110 6 6
7 111 7 7
8 1000 10 8
9 1001 11 9
10 1010 12 A
11 1011 13 B
12 1100 14 C
13 1101 15 D
14 1110 16 E
15 1111 17 F
16 10000 20 10
17 10001 21 11
18 10010 22 12
19 10011 23 13
20 10100 24 14
Conversion between Decimal and
Binary:
Question: Represent 4510 in the binary number system
Answer: using the divide-by-2 technique repeatedly
2 45
2 22 – 1
2 11– 0
2 5–1
2 2–1
2 1–0

If we write the remainder in arrow direction then we get:

4510  1011012
 Conversion from binary number
system to decimal system:
Example: check if 1000102 is 3410

1000102 = 1 x 25 + 0 x 24 + 0 x 23 + 0 x 22+ 1 x
21 + 0 x 20

= 32 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 2
+ 0

= 3410
Octal Conversions:
Octal to Decimal
Example: (127)8 = (1 x 82 + 2 x 81 + 7 x 80 )10 = (64 +
16 + 7)10 = (87)10
Decimal to Octal
Repeated division by 8 (similar in principle to
generating binary codes)
Example: (213)10 = (? )8

8 26
3–2
Hexadecimal Conversions:

16 829
16 51 – D
16 3 – 3