HEAT EXCHANGER

What is heat exchanger?

A heat exchanger is a component that allows

the transfer of heat from one fluid ( liquid or
gas) to another fluid.

It is a heat transfer device that exchanges

heat between two or more process fluids.
 Applications of heat exchanger

Steam power plants

Chemical processing plants
Building heat and air conditioning systems
Transportation power systems
Refrigeration units
 Reasons for heat tranfer

To heat a cooler fluid by means of a hotter fluid

To reduce the temperature of a hot fluid by means of
a cooler fluid
To boil a liquid by means of hotter fluid
To condense a gaseous fluid by means of a cooler
liquid
To boil a liquid while condensing a hotter gaseous
fluid
 HEAT EXCHANGER TYPES

Based on flow path configuration:

Parallel Flow
 fluids move parallel to and in the same direction as each other.
 are heat exchanging devices in which the fluids move parallel to and
in the same direction as each other. Although this configuration
typically results in lower efficiencies than a counter flow
arrangement, it also allows for the greatest thermal uniformity across
the walls of the heat exchanger.
Counter Flow

 The two streams move in opposite directions

 a counter flow arrangement typically exhibits the
highest efficiencies as it allows for the greatest amount
of heat transference between fluids and, consequently,
the greatest change in temperature.
Single-pass crossflow

 fluids flow perpendicularly to one another.

 The efficiencies of heat exchangers which employ this flow
configuration fall between that of countercurrent and
cocurrent heat exchangers.
Multipass crossflow

 exhibit some combination of the characteristics of the

previously mentioned flow configurations.
 one fluid stream shuttles back and forth across the flow
path of the other fluid stream
The most important difference between these four
basic types lies in the relative amounts of heat
transfer surface area required to transfer the
desired amount of heat between the two fluids.