PHILIPPINE

CONTEMPORARY ARTS
CPAR112
Elements and
Principles Of
VISUAL ARTS
 VISUAL ARTS
The visual arts are those that we
perceive with our eyes.
GRAPHIC / PLASTIC ART
ELEMENTS
 H O UT TH E ART WORK
W ER’ S EYE S T H ROUG
IS USED TO L EAD THE VIE

LINES
HORIZONTAL LINES
are parallel to the horizon. They express
feelings of rest, peace, quiet and stability,
permanence or solidarity. They make you
feel relaxed and calm.
 VERTICAL LINES
move up and down. They express
stability and show dignity, poise,
stiffness, formality and upward
mobility.
 CURVED LINES
lowly change direction and form
wiggly curves, spirals or circles.
DIAGONAL LINES
slant, as if they are either rising or falling. Diagonal
lines suggest action and movement. They convey
dynamism, vitality, and animation.
 ORGANIC LINES
types of lines found in nature.
Shapes and Forms
Shapes are two-dimensional area
that shows the form of an object
and how it is laid out in space.
Dimension refers to the amount of
shape an object takes up in one
direction. A shape may be
geometric or free-form.
GEOMETRIC SHAPES possess sides
and angles.
GEOMETRIC FORMS
 FREE FORM/
ORGANIC SHAPES
SPACE
Refers to both outer and inner space, the
emptiness and area between, around, above, below
or within objects. It may be flat or two
dimensional, such as in painting, or three-
dimensional, such as in monumental sculpture.
TEXTU
RE
Refers to how
things feel when
touched.
TACTILE
TEXTURE
Tactile texture is
the actual (3D) feel
of a surface.
VISUAL
TEXTURE
texture is the
perceived surface
quality of a work of
art.
NATURAL
TEXTURE
existing in or
caused by nature;
not made or caused
by humankind.
ARTIFICIAL
TEXTURE
It's the texture from
things made by
humans
COLOR
Color is an element of art that
results from the light waves
reflected from objects to your
eyes. Hue is the name of a specific
color in the color spectrum or the
bands of color that are present in a
color wheel.
PRIMARY COLORS
SECONDARY COLORS
TERTIARY COLORS
NEUTRAL
COLORS
 VALUE
Value is indicated through the
lightness or darkness of a
color.
MONOCHROMATIC

uses only one hue. White and black added in

varying degrees to show the different shades and
tints of the hue.
 ANALOGOUS

are found side by side within the

color wheel.
COMPLIMENTARY

OPPOSITE
 SPLIT
COMPLIMENTARY

TRIADIC
 SPLIT
COMPLIMENTARY

TRIADIC
 SPLIT
COMPLIMENTARY

TETRADIC
PRINCIPLES
 HARMONY
Harmony creates unity by showing
similarities of separate but related parts.
Unity is oneness that is achieved through
the effective use of the elements of art
and principles of organization.
 BALANCE
Balance is concerned with
equalizing visual elements in an
artwork.
FORMAL
where equal
elements are
placed on opposite
sides of a central
axis.
 SYMETRY
is a kind of formal balance in
which two halves of a
balanced composition is
identical.
 RADIAL
BALANCE
a variation of symmetry in
which the elements of a
design come out from the
central point of the circle.
 INFORMAL
BALANCE
is the opposite of formal
balance. Here, there is a balance
of unlike objects and there are
no elements that appear to be
equal halves or sides.
RHYTHM
Rhythm is the repetition
of design, line or other
elements within the
frame.
RHYTHM
VARIETY
Variety is when several elements
of art are used to get the
attention of the audience and
guide the audience’s focus
through and around the artwork.
VARIETY
PROPORTION
Proportion has to do with the
comparative size of the parts of a
single work.
PROPORTION
EMPHASI
S
Emphasis is how the artist
catches the attention of the
audience by making a specific
area in the work stand out by
contrasting it with other areas.
EMPHASIS
MOVEMEN
T
Movement is the direction that
the audience’s eye goes through
the artwork, often to focal areas.
MOVEMENT
PATTERN
Pattern is when an object or
symbol is repeated all over the
artwork.
PATTERN
REPETITIO
N
Repetition is used to make the
artwork seem active. Repeating
elements creates unity within
the artwork
REPETITION