IMPLANT TRAINING

REPORT

BY ABDUL BASITH.P
16103112
 CONSTRUCTION OF
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
 ABSTRACT
• The main aim of the report is to present the
fundamental aspects of practical requirements and
method of construction.
• This report consists of brief study and description
of planning and execution of residential building.
• During the period of industrial training , I learned
about all sections in planning, estimation,
execution methods and safety precautions.
• This report is an im-plant report submitted in
requirements for the B.E. civil engineering as per
norms of Hindusthan College of engineering and
technology Coimbatore.
• The report consists of brief study and description
of materials, equipment, procedures used at the
site.
• The main objective of the report is to present the
fundamental aspects of practical requirements.
•  
•  
 INTRODUCTION

• PROFILE OF THE INDUSTRY

• The company's name is
METRO TECH ENGINEERING AND CONTRACTORS,
the company is running by Kunjalan.A (PWD
Engineer) kulathur via Malappuram, Kerala pin:
679338 the project is on villas project.
• ABOUT THE ONGOING PROJECT
• It is a residential building project at Malappuram.
The metro tech builders started this project of
making four villas for a gated community. The
project is at Malappuram district of Kerala state.
• Each villa is consist of 2350 sqft which is of 10 cent
each, the villas are contemporary style in nature
• They project complete duration is 6 months.
• The construction is done by using bricks and
metals
PLAN
DAY 1:

The construction started by clearing the land surface and

builded a plinth using rocks
After finishing the plinth work they will fill the soil back to the
plinth gaps it will take almost one week for settlement of soil
DAY 5:
FIG.2.2 BELT CONCRETE
After finishing foundation and basement, we have to give a concrete belt on the top of basement. Here use steel bars. This
will redistribute weight of the whole building towards all over the basement and foundation. We construct this on 1.5 feet
wide basement. We have to give 9 inches width for this. I am going to use 6 inches cement block, so the width of belt is 9
inches. See the photo below to know how to put steel bars and wooden construct for filling concrete.
DAY 12:
They used solid cement blocks. There are merits and demerits. Cement block have 6 inches width while clay bricks (ishtika) have 9 inches. Felt 6
inches is very thin for the wall. It is better to have 9 inches minimum. Wall constructed at a height of 7 feet. Since river sand is very difficult and
expensive to buy I used Pobsons Msand. This type of sand is very good for concreting. But to make cement mortar, (chaanth) mix it with river
sand. Msand have more big grains along with small ones. Masons are usually reluctant to touch cement with hands, as it may damage their skin.
What they do is add less water to cement mortar. This is not recommendable. Tell them to use appropriate wooden pieces to touch cement
instead of using fingers.
 
A lintel is a beam placed across the openings like doors, windows etc. in buildings to support the
load from the structure above. The width of lintel beam is equal to the width of wall, and the ends
of it is built into the wall. Lintels are classified based on their material of construction.
DAY 14:
LINTEL WORK
Types of Lintel used in Building Construction
Lintels are classified based on the material of construction as:
1. Timber Lintel
In olden days of construction, Timber lintels were mostly used. But now a days they are replaced by several modern
techniques, however in hilly areas these are using. The main disadvantages with timber are more cost and less durable
and vulnerable to fire.
If the length of opening is more, then it is provided by joining multiple number of wooden pieces with the
help of steel bolts which was shown in fig (a). In case of wider walls, it is composed of two wooden pieces
kept at a distance with the help of packing pieces made of wood. Sometimes, these are strengthened by the
provision of mild steel plates at their top and bottom, called as flitched lintels.

2. Stone Lintel
These are the most common type, especially where stone is abundantly available. The thickness of these are
most important factor of its design. These are also provided over the openings in brick walls. Stone lintel is
provided in the form of either one single piece or more than one piece.
The depth of this type is kept equal to 10 cm / meter of span, with a minimum value of 15 cm. They are used
up to spans of 2 meters. In the structure is subjected to vibratory loads, cracks are formed in the stone lintel
because of its weak tensile nature. Hence caution is needed.

3. Brick Lintel
These are used when the opening is less than 1m and lesser loads are acting. Its depth varies from 10 cm to
20 cm, depending up on the span. Bricks with frogs are more suitable than normal bricks because frogs when
filled with mortar gives more shear resistance of end joints which are known as joggled brick lintel.

4. Reinforced Brick Lintel

These are used when loads are heavy and span is greater than 1m. The depth of reinforced brick lintel should
be equal to 10 cm or 15 cm or multiple of 10 cm. the bricks are so arranged that 2 to 3 cm wide space is left
length wise between adjacent bricks for the insertion of mild steel bars as reinforcement. 1:3 cement mortars
is used to fill up the gaps.
Vertical stirrups of 6 mm diameter are provided in every 3rd vertical joint. Main reinforcement is provided at
the bottom consists 8 to 10 mm diameter bars, which are cranked up at the ends.
 
DAY 17:
CENTERING WORK
 
Putting wooden pieces (shuttering) to give support for roof concrete.
Instead of laying wooden pieces completely, we put wooden planks like
this and lay thick iron sheets. That is the new trend. Do not forget to give
enough support below with supporting posts (centering).
 DAY 28:

ROOF SLAB CONCRETING

Roof concreting is considered as one of the main work regarding
building construction. Whole part of decided concreting should be
finished at a stretch without break. So every materials required should
be collected prior to the concreting. Enough workers should be there.
Concrete mixer and vibrator is needed. Enough water should be
collected in water tanks.
After concreting, on the next day morning watering is a must.
For this we have to divide roof top into small portions by
putting cement sand mix as seen in the photo. Retain water
continuously for 7 to 10 days. In corners with slanting areas it is
not able to retain water. In such areas put jute bags (gully bags)
and wet jute bags. As we are using rock sand it will take more
time to cure cement as concrete. So watering should be done
very seriously to avoid concrete cracks in future.
 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

It gave me lots of benefit and positive changes that enable me to enter into the working environment.
Through this training I was able to gain new insights and more comprehensive understanding about the real
industry working condition and practice.
The training has provided me the opportunities to develop and improve my soft and functional skills.
In this training I studied about planning, estimation and execution. All of this valuable experience knowledge
that I have gained were not only acquired through the direct involvement in task given but also through other
aspect of the training such as work observation, interaction with the staffs and local people.