MAGNETOMETER CALIBRATION

Ingo Richter
Institut für Geophysik und Meteorologie
TU Braunschweig

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 1 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Magnetsrode - MCF

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 2 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Magnetsrode – Characteristics

• Compensation: Dynamic v fixed (user defined)

• Fields - Range: -100000 nT ... +100000 nT
• Direction: any, 3 components
• Type : DC, AC, Arbitrary
• Field-Sequence: arbitrary, user defined
• Accuracy: < 0.8 nT
• I/F to DUT: Analog (16 Bit) v Digital (EGSE)
• DUT TC: yes, via RS232 (user defined)

•Successful calibrations have been performed for:

CLUSTER, DS 1, MARS 96, ØRSTED,ROSETTA,

CASSINI, CHAMP, ROMAP, DOUBLE STAR,....

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 3 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Parameters

A magnetometer can be characterized by the following entities:

•Sensitivity S = {Sii } , Sii = Sii (T )

_
•Misalignment M = {Mij } , Mij = Mij (T )
_

•Offset BO = { Box(T ), Boy(T ), Boz(T ) }

•Frequency Response

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 4 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Sensor Model

Bc F
=_
_
-1 B
m

B c = {R_
_
-1 M-1 S-1 } ( B - B
_
_ _
_ r off - Bres )

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 5 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Calibration Method

• Offset:
Perform 2 measurements. One at 0° orientation and one at 180°
orientation. Boff = (B1 +B2) /2 . Bres = (B1-B2) /2

• Sensitivity & Misalignment:

Two methods:
a) Pure linear steps in subsequently x,yz direction
b) Spike spheres: apply randomly distributed B-Field on sphere

Generate least-square fit model to calculate S,M.

Possible models : up to 5th order polynome in x,y,z (mixed)

• Frequency response:
Apply sine-signals at different discrete frequencies at constant
amplitude. Calculate response function

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 6 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Parameters - Offset

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 7 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Parameters – Offset(T): Plot

These parameters have

been measured using
thermocycles. OB & IB
were placed at off-
center positions in the
thermal test box.

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 8 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Sensitivity (overview)
(FS / FM-IB)
Reference Measurements: T1 = 17.39°C, CoC :
(Spike sphere)

Sensitivities obtained from the temperature

calibration at the off-center position:
(linearity measurements at varying
Temperature)

Wanted: Temperature dependent Sensitivity at

CoC:

with

The temperature dependent sensitivity at CoC

can be derived from the off-center
measurements using a geometry coefficient k

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 9 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Sensitivity (Results)

Geometrical correction factor

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 10 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Parameters – S(T): Plot

These parameters have been

measured using thermocycles.
OB & IB were placed at off-center
positions in the thermal test box.

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 11 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Misalignment (overview)

Reference Measurements: T1 = 17.39°C, CoC :

(Spike sphere)

Misalignment angles obtained from the

temperature calibration at the off-center
position: (linearity measurements at varying
Temperature)

The off-center Misalignment Matrix is given by:

1

Wanted: Temperature dependent Misalignment

Matrix at CoC. It can be derived from the off-
center measurements using a geometry
correction Matrix K

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 12 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Misalignment (Results)

The correction matrix is given by:

Finally we get the desired

Misalignment Matrix :

and

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 13 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Alignment Angles (T) : Plot

These angels have been

measured using thermocycles.
OB & IB were placed at off-center
positions in the thermal test box.
The plots show the deviation from
The nominal value of 90° 00´.

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 14 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Frequency Response

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 15 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003

 Documentation

Report: RO-IGM-TR-0002
DC-Analysis: RO-IGM-TR-0003
AC-Analysis: RO-IWF-TR-0001

FGM peer PDR Magnetsrode - 16 Braunschweig, October 8-9, 2003