BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE

LECTURE 05: BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE VISUALIZATION TECHNIQUES

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BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE VS DECISION
SUPPORT SYSTEMS

DATA VISUALIZATION IN BI

INTRODUCTION TO TABLEAU

LOADING DATA AND VISUALIZING

DATA
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WHY DATA VISUALIZATION?

Data is Data is BORING

SCATTERED—I —I’m LOST and
need an There is
answer! don’t know always TOO
I need MORE what I’m LITTLE OR
INFORMATION! This tabular looking for! TOO MUCH—
data DOESN’T is there a
HELP! right amount
of data?
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WHY DATA VISUALIZATION?

 90% of information transmitted to

the brain is visual, and visuals are
processed 60,000 x faster in the
brain than text.
 40% of people will respond better
to visual information than plain
text.
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WHY DATA VISUALIZATION?
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WHY DATA VISUALIZATION?
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BENEFITS OF DATA VISUALIZATION

 Expose underlying patterns and relationships within the data

 Observe them through clear visual models
 Increased precision through more effective data insights
 Guided analysis and quicker answers to Why?, What?, When?

High Data Insight

Impact Driven Driven
Visuals Insight Actions
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DATA VISUALIZATION MATURITY

Predictive Analytics
Business Impact, Business Value

Data Insights

Visualization • Strategic
• What drove the
reports
results?
Traditional Reports • Tactical reports • Why did it
• What will
• What happen? happen next?
• Ad-hoc or On- happened? • Who are my
• Was it better target?
Demand reports
• Detailed than last year? • What contributes
• Simple • Am I within to increased
• Aggregated budget? adoption?
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DATA VISUALIZATION TOOLS

 Tableau
 QlikView from QlikTech
 D3.js (Data Driven Documents) ➤ uses HTML, CSS and SVG
 Chart.js
 Tibco SpotFire
 IBM Cognos Visual Analytics
 Roambi Analytics
 Google Charts
 FusionCharts
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INTRODUCTION TO TABLEAU

 Tableau is a brand, not a specific product

 Tableau Desktop: Personal is the entry point for the paid development versions of the software. It
allows you to keep your workbooks private, but connection and distribution options are limited.
 Tableau Desktop: Professional is similar to Tableau Desktop: Personal in that it is a development
version of Tableau. Both the Personal and Professional versions have all of the same development
capabilities, but the Professional version provides full access to every data type and distribution
channel currently available in the software.
 Tableau Public is free download, but this product actually provides development capabilities. The
catch is that the workbooks have to be saved to Tableau’s public cloud, making this an unsuitable
choice for proprietary business data.
 Tableau Reader, Tableau Online, Tableau Server
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CONNECT TO DATA SOURCE

 Tableau can connect to different data sources:

 File (Excel, CSV, text, json, …)
 Database Server

 Drag file to Tableau

Data Source is shown here,

maybe there are more than one
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CONNECT TO DATA SOURCE

 Tableau can connect to different data sources:

 File (Excel, CSV, text, json, …)
 SQL Server

 Drag file to Tableau

Sheet(s) from data source are

shown here
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CONNECT TO DATA SOURCE

 Tableau can connect to different data sources:

 File (Excel, CSV, text, json, …)
 SQL Server

 Drag file to Tableau

To begin, drag sheet(s) here

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CONNECT TO DATA SOURCE

 Tableau can connect to different data sources:

 File (Excel, CSV, text, json, …)
 SQL Server

 Drag file to Tableau

… and data will show here

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CONNECT TO DATA SOURCE

 Tableau can connect to different data sources:

 File (Excel, CSV, text, json, …)
 SQL Server

 Drag file to Tableau

To start working, click here

TABLEAU INTERFACE

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TABLEAU INTERFACE
Data Sources: Displays all of
the data connections in the
workbook.

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TABLEAU INTERFACE
Dimensions area of the Data pane: A list
of all of the fields in the data source
classified as dimensions

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

Measures : A list of all the fields in the

data source classified as measures

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

Sets: If the data source you are using contains at

least one set, or if you have created one or more
sets, they will show up here.

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

If the workbook you are using contains at least

one parameter, or if you have created one or
more parameters, they will show up here

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TABLEAU INTERFACE
The Pages Shelf allows you to “flip” through a
“page” for each dimension member

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TABLEAU INTERFACE
Filters Shelf: Any dimension or measure that
you filter a view by will be displayed here.

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

Each square in this area is called a Marks

Card, which are called that because they
influence the marks on the view (change color,
size, etc.)

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

Legend: There are several different

legends that will appear here to show
how the marks are encoded.

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

Columns Shelf: Fields placed here will

create columns on the view.

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

Rows Shelf: Fields placed here will

create rows on the view.

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TABLEAU INTERFACE

Worksheet/View: Each tab in a Tableau

workbook is called a worksheet and the area
that displays a data visualization is a view.

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DIMENSIONS VS MEASURES

 A dimension is a field that can be considered an independent variable.

 By default, Tableau treats any field containing qualitative, categorical information as
a dimension.
 A measure is a field that is a dependent variable; that is, its value is a function of one
or more dimensions.
 Tableau treats any field containing numeric (quantitative) information as a measure.
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CREATING A BAR CHART

 Drag a measure to
Rows
 Drag a dimensions to
Columns
 Choose chart type
 By default, every
measure on a view in
Tableau is aggregated
in some way. Default
aggregation is SUM
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INDEPENDENT AXES

 Drag another
dimension into
Rows
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INDEPENDENT AXES

 Drag another
dimension into
Rows
 or Columns
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INDEPENDENT AXES

 Drag another
dimension into
Rows
 or Columns
 Can change to other
type of chart (but
choose it wisely)
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LEVEL OF DETAILS

 Column: Year
 Columns: Global Sales
 Add a dimension to
Detail Marks and change
Color if needed
 As you add dimensions
to the view, the analysis
becomes more granular,
so the level of detail
changes
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LEVEL OF DETAILS

 Another example:
 Column: EU Sales
 Row: Global Sales
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LEVEL OF DETAILS

 Another example:
 Column: EU Sales
 Row: Global Sales
 Add Year to Detail

 What conclusion can you

get from this chart?
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LEVEL OF DETAILS

 Another example:
 Column: EU Sales
 Row: Global Sales
 Add Year to Detail

 Replace EU Sales by JP
Sales, can you get the same
conclusion?
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CREATING A PIE CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Global Sales
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CREATING A PIE CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Global Sales
 Click Show Me then
choose Pie chart
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CREATING A PIE CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Global Sales
 Click Show Me then
choose Pie chart
 Make chart bigger
 Win: Ctrol + Shift + B
 Mac: Cmd + Shift + B
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CREATING A PIE CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Global Sales
 Click Show Me then
choose Pie chart
 Make chart bigger
 Win: Ctrol + Shift + B
 Mac: Cmd + Shift + B

 Drag Genre (from

Data panel) to Label
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CREATING PARETO CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Rank x 2
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CREATING PARETO CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Rank x 2
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose dual
axis
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CREATING PARETO CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Rank x 2
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose dual
axis
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose Mark
Type > Bar
 Change color 1 chart
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CREATING PARETO CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Rank x 2
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose dual
axis
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose Mark
Type > Bar
 Change color 1 chart
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose Quick
Table Calculation > Running Total
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CREATING PARETO CHART

 Column: Genre
 Row: Rank x 2
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose dual
axis
 Right click 2nd Rank, choose Mark
Type > Bar
 Change color 1 chart
 Right click 1st Rank, choose Quick
Table Calculation > Running Total
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EXERCISES

1. Download deaths.csv. For each of following exercises, draw in 1 separate sheet. Find
pattern / insight from charts
2. Bar charts:
a) Draw a bar chart with column is Country Name, row is Number of Deaths, add another row is
Death Rate per 1000
b) Draw a bar chart with column is Year, row is Number of Deaths
c) Draw a bar chart with column is Age Group, row is Number of Deaths. Add Sex to Detail Mark,
choose color so that the chart becomes sacked bar chart
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EXERCISES

3. Draw several pie charts. Explain the reason of choosing dimension.

4. Draw pareto charts with:
a) Age group vs Number of deaths (sort ascending / descending)
b) Age group vs Death Rate per 1000 (sort ascending / descending)
c) Country Name vs Number of deaths
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EXERCISES

5. Draw line charts with

a) Year vs Number of Death, adding Age Group (exclude all age), coloring Age Group
b) Year vs Number of Death, adding Country Name with color
c) Year vs Death Rate per 100k, adding Age group (exclude all age), coloring Age Group
6. Draw scatter chart with
a) Death Rate per 100k vs Number of Deaths
b) Add country name with color
THE END
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