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  • Baca EKG Yok: Fenda Adita, 2012

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    Sarah
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    This document provides an overview of how to read electrocardiograms (EKGs). It discusses the key components of an EKG including rate, axis, hypertrophy, and ischemia. It describes common arrhythmias that can originate in the sinus node, atria, or ventricles. It also explains how to calculate heart rate based on the distance between R waves and discusses normal rates. The placement of EKG leads is shown as well as how different leads relate to different areas of the heart. Common abnormal findings like ischemia, injury, and infarction are described. The document concludes with recommendations to look for grouped patterns on EKGs.

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    This document provides an overview of how to read electrocardiograms (EKGs). It discusses the key components of an EKG including rate, axis, hypertrophy, and ischemia. It describes common arrhythmias that can originate in the sinus node, atria, or ventricles. It also explains how to calculate heart rate based on the distance between R waves and discusses normal rates. The placement of EKG leads is shown as well as how different leads relate to different areas of the heart. Common abnormal findings like ischemia, injury, and infarction are described. The document concludes with recommendations to look for grouped patterns on EKGs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    17 views45 pages

    Baca EKG Yok: Fenda Adita, 2012

    Uploaded by

    Sarah
    This document provides an overview of how to read electrocardiograms (EKGs). It discusses the key components of an EKG including rate, axis, hypertrophy, and ischemia. It describes common arrhythmias that can originate in the sinus node, atria, or ventricles. It also explains how to calculate heart rate based on the distance between R waves and discusses normal rates. The placement of EKG leads is shown as well as how different leads relate to different areas of the heart. Common abnormal findings like ischemia, injury, and infarction are described. The document concludes with recommendations to look for grouped patterns on EKGs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 45

    Baca EKG Yok

    Fenda Adita, 2012


    Cara Menghafal
    • Baca
    • Irama
    • Rate
    • Axis
    • Hipertrofi
    • Iskemik
    Pembentukan  Sinus takikardia
     Sinus bradikardia
     Sinus aritmia
     Sinus arrest
     SVES
    Atrium  SVT
     AF
     Atrial fluter

    Aritmia Penghantaran • SA blok


    • AV blok

    • VES
    Pembentukan
    • VT
    • VF
    Ventrikel

    Blok intraventrikuler
    Penghantaran ( BBB )
    MENGHITUNG LAJU JANTUNG :
    A. Jarak R – R :

    -1 kotak sedang = 300 x / menit


    -2 kotak sedang = 150 x / menit
    -3 kotak sedang = 100 x / menit
    -4 kotak sedang = 75 x / menit
    -5kotak sedang = 60 x / menit
    -6 kotak sedang = 50 x / menit

    B. Hitung jumlah R- R dalam 6 kotak besar = 6 detik


    Jumlah R x 10 = heart rate / menit

    C. 1500 / jarak R-R ( dlm mm ) = heart rate / menit


    • 25 mm = 1 detik
    • 1 mm = 0,04 detik

    Bila :
    • Ritmis  1500
    Jumlah kotak kecil R-R
    • Aritmis  Jumlah R-R interval x 1500
    Jumlah kotak kecil
    Rate
    • HR of 60-100 per minute is normal
    • HR > 100 = tachycardia
    • HR < 60 = bradycardia
    Einthoven's triangle
    Precordial (Chest) Leads
    12 Lead EKG Placement
    • Gives a 2 dimensional picture of what is going
    on electrically in the heart
    Precordial Leads
    EKG Distributions
    • Anteroseptal: V1, V2, V3, V4
    • Anterior: V1–V4
    • Anterolateral: V4–V6, I, aVL
    • Lateral: I and aVL
    • Inferior: II, III, and aVF
    • Inferolateral: II, III, aVF, and V5
    and V6
    The QRS Axis
     Represents the overall direction of the heart’s activity
     Axis of –30 to +90 degrees is normal
    The Quadrant Approach

    • QRS up in I and up in aVF = Normal


    Disease Findings on EKG
    • Ischemia
    – Decrease in oxygen
    supply – reversible
    ST segment depression
    • Injury
    – Damage to heart
    muscle from ischemia
    reversible with
    treatment
    – ST segment elevation
    • Infarction
    – Permanent damage
    to heart muscle
    Q waves
    Evolution of Transmural Infarction
    Injury not reversed full muscle
    damage
    Evolution of a Subendocardial Infarction
    Problem discovered, injury halted,
    muscle preserved
    Look for Grouped Patterns (Footprints)

    • ST Depressions = Ischemia

    • ST Elevations = injury

    • Q Waves & T Wave Inversion = Infarction


    Daftar Pustaka
    • Slide kuliah Dr.Arifin, Sp.PD-FINASIM “Cara
    Cepat Membaca EKG”
    • Acute Coronary Syndrome – EMS
    • EKG Interpretation – UNC Emergency
    Medicine
    • Basic EKG Interpretation - Mendocino College
    TERIMAKASIH

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