GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

 Philippine
Commission on Women
defined Gender and Development as
the development perspective and
process that is participatory and
empowering,equitable, sustainable,
free from violence, respectful of
human rights, supportive of self-
determination and actualization of
human potentials.
 Gender and Development (GAD)
approach focuses on the socially
constructed basis of differences
between men and women and
emphasizes the need to challenge
existing gender roles and relations.
 GAD was developed in the 1980's as an
alternative to the Women in
Development (WID) approach. Unlike
WID, the GAD approach is not
concerned specifically with women, but
with the way in which a society assigns
roles, responsibilities and expectations
to both women and men.
 GAD applies gender analysis to
uncover the ways in which men and
women work together, presenting
results in neutral terms of economics
and efficiency. The World Bank was
one of the first international
organizations to recognise the need
for Women in Development,
appointing a WID Adviser in 1977.
 In1984 the bank mandated that its
programs consider womens' issues. In
1994 the bank issued a policy paper
on Gender and Development,
reflecting current thinking on the
subject. This policy aims to address
policy and institutional constraints
that maintain disparities between the
genders and thus limit the
effectiveness of development
programs.
 Gender and Development (GAD) is
concerned with women and her
specific roles, responsibilities and
expectations in the society.
 It
also analyzes the nature of women's
contribution within the context of
work done both inside and outside the
household and reflects the public/
private dichotomy that undervalues
the work done by women in the home.
(http://www.sbma.com/ gender-and-
development-program)
 GAD focuses on the principle that
development is for all. Everyone in
society, female or male, has the right
to equal opportunities to achieve a full
and satisfying life.
 It does not define the following:
1. Not a war of the sexes
3. Both women and men are victims
although women
4. Both have a stake in the struggle for
gender
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
RELATED LAWS AND
ISSUANCES IN THE
PHILIPPINES
 Philippine Plan for Gender and
Development, 1995- 2025 National Plan
that addresses provides and pursues full
equality and development for men and
women.
 Approved and adopted by former
President Fidel V. Ramos as Executive
No. 273, on September 8, 1995, it is
the successor of the Philippine
Development Plan for Women, 1989-
1992 adopted by Executive No. 348 of
February 17, 1989.
Republic Act No. 9710 (Magna Carta of Women)

 Approved on August 14, 2009, which

mandates for non-discriminatory and pro-
gender equality and equity measures to
enable women's participation in the
formulation, implementation and evaluation
of policies and plan for national, regional and
local development.
Memorandum Circular No. 2011 - 01 dated October 21
2011

 Addressing to all Government

Departments including their attached
agencies, offices, bureaus, state
Universities and Colleges (SUcs),
Government- Owned and Controlled
Corporations (GOCCs) and all other
government instrumentalities as their
guidelines and procedures for the
establishment, strengthening
SEX AND GENDER: HOW DO THEY DIFFER?

 "An extremely important part of an

individual's identity and one that
begins at least at birth, is gender. "Dr.
Kenneth Cushner, 2012.
 It is more than just knowing that you

are male or female. Identification of

sex is usually clearly internalized by
the age of 3 but begins around the
age of 18 months.
Gender
 refersto the specific set of
characteristics that identifies the social
behaviour of women and men and the
relationship between them. Gender
alludes not simply to women or men
but the relationship between them and
the way it is socially constructed. Since
gender biases exist and these biases
prevent people from attaining their full
potentials, development is impeded.
 Gender identity / gender role includes
knowledge of a large set of rules and
expectations for what boys and girls
should wear, how they should speak
and act, and their 'place' in the overall
structure of the society.
 It can be affected by:
1. Race
2. Ethnicity
3. Social Class
4. Religion
5. Geographical Region
Executive Order No. 273

 Approval and Adoption of Philippine

Plan for Gender-Responsive
Development, 1995-2025
REPUBLIC ACT No. 9710
 August 14, 2009

 ANACT PROVIDING FOR THE MAGNA

CARTA OF WOMEN
MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 2011-01 DATED OCT.
21,2011

 Addressing to all government department

including their attached agencies offices
bureaus state university and colleges (SUCs)
Government owned and controlled
corporations (GOCCs) and all other
government instrumentalities as their
guidelines and procedures for the
establishment strengthening and
institutionalizing of the gender and
development (GAD) focal points system (GFPS)