“Would you tell me please, which way I ought to go from here?” asked Alice.

“That depends a great deal on where you want to get to,” said the cat.
“I don’t much care where ….,” said Alice.
“Then it does not matter which way you go,” said the cat.

-- Extract from Alice in Wonderland, Lewis B. Carroll

TRACKING & EVALUATING PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
& PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

SANIYA G. ABIRIN
 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
• is the process that turns strategies and plans
into actions in order to accomplish strategic
objectives and goals. (Bartle, 2010)
• it is a detailed listing of activities, costs,
expected difficulties, and schedules that are
required to achieve the objectives of the
strategic plans. (WebFinance, 2017)
•  is the process of executing a plan or policy so
that a concept becomes a reality (Gustafson,
2017)
 STEPS IN PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

• Setting up the project for

implementation
• Implementation of activities
• Monitoring and reporting
• Updating the milestone plan
based on the results of
monitoring and other
management decision making
(Labor Market, nd.)
According to Fortune Magazine, nine out of ten
organizations fail to implement their strategic plan for
many reasons:
• 60% of organizations don’t link strategy to budgeting
• 75% of organizations don’t link employee incentives
to strategy
• 86% of business owners and managers spend less
than one hour per month discussing strategy
• 95% of the typical workforce doesn’t understand
their organization’s strategy.
Source: OnStrategy, 2017
MONITORING
-is a management tool for improving project and
programme performance, both to improve organizational
delivery and control for risk
-is the continuous collection and analysis of information
used by management and partners to assess performance
(progress on implementation of activities, delivery of
outputs, achievement of results and impacts and use of
resources).
Source: IUCN, 2014
 TYPES OF MONITORING

Institutional Monitoring: project inputs and activities including the use

of physical, human, and financial resources.

Context Monitoring: Assumptions and risks identified in a project log

frame

Results Monitoring: Project effects are monitored by assessing the

perceptions and responses of the project target population to the
project outputs.

Objectives Monitoring: Checking whether project objectives are being

achieved within the existing circumstances.
MONITORING INDICATORS

• Input indicators: describe what goes on in the

project
• Output indicators: describe the project activity
• Outcome indicators: describe the product of
the activity
• Impact indicators: measure change in
conditions of the community
WORK PLAN - is a guide to project implementation
and a basis for project monitoring.

It therefore helps to:

• Finish the project in time;
• Do the right things in the right order;
• Identify who will be responsible for what activity;
and
• Determine when to start project implementation.
(Bartle, 2011)
PLAN EVALUATION
Evaluation is a process that critically
examines a program. It involves collecting
and analyzing information about a
program’s activities, characteristics, and
outcomes. Its purpose is to make
judgments about a program, to improve
its effectiveness, and/or to inform
programming decisions (Patton, 1987)
Evaluation and monitoring systems can
be an effective way to:
• Provide constant feedback on the extent to
which the projects are achieving their goals.
• Identify potential problems at an early
stage and propose possible solutions.
• Monitor the accessibility of the project to
all sectors of the target population.
• Monitor the efficiency with
which the different
components of the project
are being implemented and
suggest improvements.
• Evaluate the extent to which
the project is able to
achieve its general
objectives.
2 PHASES OF PLAN EVALUATION

1.Ongoing monitoring of trends that may be

impacting the progress, or lack of
progress, towards goals.

2.A final evaluation after the plan is

concluded to determine overall success
and impact.
YALSA, 2012
Evaluation should answer the questions:

• Did we succeed? Did we

achieve the goals we set
out to?
• What went well?
• What were the challenges?
• What improvements should
we make and how?
FINAL EVALUATIVE REPORT

• What did we do (i.e. performance)? How well did the

plan perform? Which goals and objectives were met?

• How well did we do (i.e. quality)? Were the goals and

objectives relevant to the ongoing needs?
• Did it matter (i.e. impact)? Did the plan meet the
needs of an organization and its members?

YALSA, 2012
Good evaluation design has five components:

1. Clear statements of measurable

objectives for the project and its
components, for which indicators can be
defined.
2. A structured set of indicators, covering
outputs of goods and services generated
by the project and their impact on
beneficiaries.
3. Provisions for collecting data and managing
project records so that the data required for
indicators are compatible with existing statistics, and
are available at reasonable cost.
4. Institutional arrangements for gathering,
analyzing, and reporting project data, and for
investing in capacity building, to sustain the M&E
service.
5. Proposals for the ways in which M&E findings will
be fed back into decision making.
ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE EVALUATION

A monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plan is a

document that helps to track and assess the results
of the interventions throughout the life of a
program. It is a living document that should be
referred to and updated on a regular basis. While
the specifics of each program’s M&E plan will look
different, they should all follow the same basic
structure and include the same key elements.
EVALUATION PROCEDURE

• Who is responsible for reporting, gathering,

and evaluating data
• How data is collected
• What data needs to be collected A timeline
for completion
• Quantitative and qualitative measurements
YALSA, 2012
Plan evaluation is done at several levels

Individual performance of students

Institutions or school-district

Particular programmes

Total plan
EVALUATION PROCESS

Thinking

Planning

Collecting

Communicating
 THINKING

How can you best

communicate with the

• Describe the Purpose audience?

• Identify End-Products
• Consider Budget &
Timeline
 PLANNING

• Define objectives
• Establish evaluation
questions
• Identify the
information required
• Review evaluation plan
 COLLECTING

• Identify or create
data source
• Overlay timelines
and budgets
• Consider Privacy &
Ethical Issues
SAMPLE EVALUATION PLAN
Basic Criteria for Plan Evaluation
• Relevance
• Credibility
• Timeliness
• Efficiency
• Effectiveness
• Impact
• Sustainability
HURDLES TO EFFECTIVE EVALUATION

• Inadequate resourcing
• Lack of a systematic planning approach
• Irrelevant or insufficient data
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION:
PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

The setting of Key Performance Indicators

(abbreviated as KPI) is an important aspect of
the strategic planning process and plays a
major role in the measurement of progress of
the organization towards the attainment of its
planned goals.
4 Types of Performance Indicators: Nayyer-Stone (1999) 
Characteristics of Ideal Performance Indicators
MEASURES OF SUCCESS

• achieved the results we expected

• produced results we didn’t want or expect
• should be changed
• should continue (or not)
• should be measured in other ways
Characteristics of an Ideal Performance Measurement System
(Thomas, 2005)
USE OF PERFORMANCE MEASURES

a)Controlling costs
b) Comparing processes 
c) Maintaining standards
d) Comparing sectors -
 How to Review Progress
• Ensure that activities are kept within the
parameters of the agree strategic aims and
objectives;

• Ensure that activities are consistent with

organization’s vision, mission and values;
• Keep under review internal and external changes
which may require adjustments to the
organization’s strategy or affect their ability to
achieve their objectives
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION METHODOLOGY

Performance Evaluation involves four main steps

1. Summary of Baseline Scenario
2. Diagnostic Scan and SWOT Analysis
3. Budget Compliance, Efficiency and Effectiveness
Evaluation
4. Performance Evaluation
Scope of Performance Review and the Initial Profile
Diagnostic Scan and SWOT Analysis

There are basically two types of review- strategic

review and operational review.
Scores for Strategic and Performance Evaluation:
Australian Quality Council
Compliance, Efficiency and Effectiveness
Evaluation
Marks for Budget Compliance Evaluation
Compliance, Efficiency and Effectiveness
Evaluation
Marks for Budget Efficiency Evaluation
Compliance, Efficiency and Effectiveness
Evaluation
Marks for Budget Effectiveness Evaluation
Overall Assessment and Score

(1) Strategic Plan and

Baseline Profile
Evaluation
(2) Strategic and
Operational
Performance
Evaluation
(3) Compliance and
Effectiveness
Evaluation
Rating of an Agency on the basis of
Performance Scores

Das,