SOCIALIZATION

Socialization is the long and

complicated process of social
interaction through which the child
learns the intellectual , physical , and
social skills needed to function as a
member of society.
 RENE SPITZ
-Study on hospitalism which indicates
that infants must have social contact
with care givers as well as physical.

-He also studied in institutional setting

children.
 FICHTER

-Socialization is a process of mutual

influence between a person and his
fellowmen.

-It is also the process that results in

an acceptance to the patterns of
social behavior.
Socialization can be described from
two POV.

Objective Socialization - refers to the

society acting upon the child.

Subjective Socialization - a process by

which the society transmit culture
from one generation to another.
 SOCIAL LEARNING

- The process of socialization that

can ultimately be reduced to the
fact that the individual learns by
contact with society.
 SOME OF THE
NUMEROUS
SUBPROCESS OF
SOCIAL LEARNING
1.IMITATION - This is the human
action by which one tends to
duplicate more , less , or exactly the
behaviors of others.

2.SUGGESTION – Is a process
outside the learner that can be
found by their works and actions.
3.COMPETITION - It is a stimulate
process in which two or more
individuals measured with one
another in achieving knowledge.

It is clear that the essential

prerequisites of social learning.

1.Contact and Communication

SYMBOL – Is anything that is used
to represent something else.

GEORGE MEAD – Symbolic

interactionist argued that human
beings were the only who could
communicate through language.
MAN – Therefore is the only being
that lives in a world of symbolic
meaning.

1.Goals and motivation – are often

related and used interchangeably

Goal – Is the state of affairs one

wishes to achieve.
 MOTIVATION – Is a which or
intention to achieve a goal.

2.CONTEXTS – Where a social

interaction takes place makes a
difference in what It means
EDWARD T. HALL – Identified three
elements that define the context of
social inter action.

1.The physical setting or place.

2.Te social environment.
3.The activities surrounding the
interaction.
3.NORMS – Refer to the rules that regulate
the process of social interaction.

Types of Social Interactions

1.Focused-When two or more individuals

agree to sustain an interaction.
2.Unfocused-Two or more people happen
to be in each others presence.
Erving Goffman-sociologist who explained
regarding unfocused interaction.
4 TYPES OF FOCUSED INTERACTION
EXCHANGE-when people do something for each other
with the expressed purpose of receiving a reward in
return.
PETER BLAU-exchange is the most basic form of
social interaction.
COOPERATION-this is a form of social interaction in
which people act together to
promote common interest or achieve shared goals
ROBERT A. NISBET-sociologist who said the four
types of cooperation
#SPONTANEOUS COOPERATION-this is the oldest,
most natural and most common form of cooperation.
#TRADITIONAL COOPERATION-a form of
cooperation that is tied to custom and is passed on from
generation to next.
#DIRECTED COOPERATION-this is characterized by
joint effort that is under the control of people in authority
#CONTRACTUAL COOPERATION-this is a form
of planned cooperation in which each person
specipic obligation are clearly spelled out such
agreement
3.CONFLICT-in cooperative interaction people
join forces to achieve common goal.
COERCION-this is a specialkind of conflict that
Can occur when one of the parties in a conflict is much
stronger that the other.
4.COMPETITION-it is a form of conflict in which
individuals or groups confine their conflict
within agreed upon rules.
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY-develop the idea
of the looking glass self.
GEORGE HORTON MEAD-traced the development of
awareness back to the inter-
action between parent and child.
KARL MARX-capitalist society is torn by a
fundamental conflict of interest between capitalist and
workers.
SIGMUND FREUD-(psychoanalysis) also took the
conflict view of socialization.
ID
EGO
SUPER EGO
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