Come in and

complete the word

match on your desk
Match the keywords to their definitions and stick the sheet in
your book. Use different colours. 4 minutes.
Think about what your
pen contains. How can
we separate two or more
soluble solids from a
solution?
LO: Describe how chromatography
separates substances

• Recall where chromatography would be the

most useful separating technique
• Describe how the particles separate on the
paper due to how soluble they are
• Analyse chromatograms to identify
substances in a mixture
 How Chromatography can be used:

• Identify unknown substances

• Detect drugs and explosives
• Identify dyes and paints
• Detect spoilage in foods
• Used by police and forensic teams for crime
scene testing
• Performance testing for athletes
 When is chromatography the best
separation technique?
When you want to separate TWO solutions
that are SOLUBLE

Why do different dyes move further up the paper than

others?
Some dyes are more soluble than others.

The MORE soluble the dye the further it will travel up the
paper when dissolved in the water.
 Progress check!
What separation technique would you use to
separate the following?

1. Sand and water

2. Sugar and water
3. A dye made of different colours

Write your answers in your books

 Chromatography can separate the pigments in a mixture.
This will help us the examine the different components of each ink.

The image of the separated pigments is called a chromatogram.

 1. Put about 1cm of
water into the bottom of
your beaker
2.Fold the top of your
paper over the top of a
splint and place the splint
on top of the beaker
3. Ensure the water is not
touching your ink spot
4. Allow to run for 5
minutes
 Chromatography Chromatography

Highlight the correct answers for each question. Highlight the correct answers for each question.

1. What is chromatography? 1. What is chromatography?

a) It is a special kind of paper that separates colours. a) It is a special kind of paper that separates colours.
b) It is a process that separates a mixture using a solvent to carry the b) It is a process that separates a mixture using a solvent to carry the
solutes at different rates. solutes at different rates.
c) It is a process that splits a compound up into its elements. c) It is a process that splits a compound up into its elements.

2. If the chromatography doesn’t carry the ink up with the solvent, it could 2. If the chromatography doesn’t carry the ink up with the solvent, it could
mean... mean...
d) You need to add more ink. d) You need to add more ink.
e) The substances in the ink are not soluble in the solvent you are using e) The substances in the ink are not soluble in the solvent you are using
and you should use another solvent. and you should use another solvent.
f) You have not used enough solvent. f) You have not used enough solvent.

3. Why will the chromatography not work as well if the ink spot is submerged
(dipped) in the solvent.
g) Because it needs to stay dry to separate into different colours.
h) Because too much solvent will destroy the pigments.
i) Because the pigments may dissolve in the solvent at the bottom.
3. Why will the chromatography not work as well if the ink spot is submerged
(dipped) in the solvent.
g) Because it needs to stay dry to separate into different colours.
h) Because too much solvent will destroy the pigments.
i) Because the pigments may dissolve in the solvent at the bottom.

4. From the chromatogram below, which pens are shown to contain the exact 4. From the chromatogram below, which pens are shown to contain the exact
same pigments? same pigments?
The pens that
The pens that contain
contain the same
the same pigments in
pigments in their
their solution are…
solution are…
 Get ready to mark in blue pen.
Answers to questions sheet:

1.b) It is a process that separates a mixture using a solvent to

carry the solutes at different rates.
2.b) The substances in the ink are not soluble in the solvent you
are using and you should use another solvent.
3.c) Because the pigments may dissolve in the solvent at the
bottom.
4.Pens 1 and 6.

Can you now...

● ...explain how chromatography separates mixtures.
● ...analyse chromatograms to identify substances in a mixture.
 What does this tell us?
• Which colour is the most soluble?
• In your books
• - which colour of dye travelled furthers up the
chromatography paper?
• What does this tell us about the particles in
that colour dye?
 Which dyes from 1-6 does the mix
contain?
Spots of ink before chromatography After chromatography

1 2 3 4 5 6 Mix 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mix


 Someone has stolen a
painting out of my art gallery!
Using chromatography, find
out who the culprit is...
 Stretch Task:
How is chromatography used...
• Using everything you’ve learnt explain how the
following professions can use chromatography...
• The Police
• Historians
2 Merits for mega hard extension question:
• The environmental agency are investigating why
lots of fish are dying in a nearby lake, how can
they use chromatography to find out what’s
killing them?
LO: Describe how chromatography
separates substances

• Recall where chromatography would be the

most useful separating technique
• Describe how the particles separate on the
paper due to how soluble they are
• Analyse chromatograms to identify
substances in a mixture
 Sum up your learning
• Write down at least 1 new thing you have
learnt in todays lesson.
• Share with your partner and then to the rest
of the class
Could you wash this graffiti off with water?
Why?
 Learning Objective
LO:
• to give examples of solvents
• Select appropriate solvents for different uses.
• Link the uses of solvents to their properties
 A solvent is a……
• liquid in which something will dissolve.

• Water is called the universal solvent but not

everything will dissolve in it.
How can you remove nail polish?
• Acetone
How could I remove marker pens from the
whiteboard?
How could you clean an oil painting palette?
Solvent It can Hazards
dissolve
water sugar, food none
colours,
emulsion
paint
alcohol ballpoint flammable
(ethanol) pen ink,
perfume,
herbs,
spices
acetone nail polish flammable, eye irritant
(propanone)
white spirit grease, oil  flammable, health hazard,
paint environmental hazard