Chapter Four

Measures of Dispersion

 Descriptive statistics are methods of describing the characteristics

of a data set. It includes calculating things such as the average of
the data, its spread and the shape it produces.

 Dispersion is the degree of data spread about an average.

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1.Standard Deviation:
Is the root mean square of the deviation.

For Ungrouped Data:



For Grouped Data:


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2. Variation: Is the square of the standard deviation
For Ungrouped Data:


For Grouped Data:

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3. Mean Absolut Deviation: Is the arithmetic of the absolute deviation.
For Ungrouped Data:


For Grouped Data:

4.Coefficient of Variation: Is a relative dispersion measure (Dimension less)

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Measures of Skewness: Is asymmetry in a statistical distribution, in which the
curve appears skewed either to the left or to the right.

 If the answer of CS = positive (+) [Skewed to the right]

 If the answer of CS =Negative (-) [Skewed to the left]
 If the answer of CS =Zero (0) [Symmetrical]

  Measures of Kurtosis:The sharpness of the peak of a frequency-
distribution curve.
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Solution:
==
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𝟐 . 𝑺=√ ∑ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
3.Variance ==
4.
5.= Skewed to the Left

6. =