WITH NUMERICALS

THIN CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

A Cylindrical vessel or shell may be thin or thick depending upon the
thichness of plate in the relation to the internal diameter of the cylinder.

t 1 where, t= thichness of plate


d 20 d= internal dia of cylinder

In thin cylinders, the stress may be assumed uniformaly distributed over the wall thickness.
Boilers , Tanks , Steam pipes , water Pipes etc. are usually considered as tin cylinders.
Thin cylinders are frequently required to operate under pressure upto 30MPa. For high pressure such as
25MPa or more , thick cylinders are used.
 GENERATION OF STRESSES
When these cylinders are subjected to internal fluid pressures the
following two types of stresses are developed.

Hoop/Circumferential Longitudinal stresses Radial stresses

Stresses
These act in a tangential These act parallel to the These act radially and are too
direction to the circumference longotudinal axis of the shell. small and can be neglected.
of the shell.

St ress d inal
Ho op it u
Long ess
Str
Stresses in Thin Cylinder
Stresses in Thin Cylinder
Strains in Thin Cylinder
For Objective Questions
SOME IMPORTANT NUMERICAL PROBLEMS
1. Calculate the bursting pressure for a cold drawn seamless steel tubing of 60mm
inside diameter with 2mm wall thickness. The ultimate strength of steel is 380MPa.
2. Calculate the thickness of metal required for a cast iron main 800mm dia for
water at a pressure head of 100 meter. if the maximum permissible tensile stress is
20MPa and weight of water is 10 KN/m3.
3. A cylinderical vessel whose ends are closed by means of rigid flange plate is
made of steel plate 3mm thick. The internal length and diameter of vessel are 50 cm
and 25 cm respectively. Determine the Longitudinal and Ciumferential stresses in
the cylindrical shell due to an internal fluid pressure of 3MPa. Also calculate
increase in length, diameter and volume of the vessel. Take E= 200GPa and μ= 0.3
4. A 3 m long shell which is closed at the ends has an internal diameter of 1meter
andwall thickness of 15mm. Claculate the circumferential and longitudinal stresses
induced and also change in dimensions of the shell if it is subjected to an internal
pressure of 1.5MPa. Take E= 200 GPa and μ= 0.3