BASIC CONCEPTS OF PHILOSOPHY

AND PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

GROUP MEMBERS:
ALIFAH BIN MOHAMAD
HARDY FEDILLER HENRY
MOHD IKHWAN BIN BUJANG
SHAHRIZAL BIN SAHRANI
(SMPMT1108)
 PHILOSOPHY
• Philosophy is difficult to define
• The Oxford Companion to Philosophy says that most
interesting definitions of philosophy are controversial.
Philosophy: The Basics says it is "notoriously difficult".
Mastering Philosophy says there is "no straightforward
definition“
• Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of
how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and
what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what
counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what
are the correct principles of reasoning (logic)
 BRANCHES
OF
PHILOSOPHY

AXIOLOGY

EPISTEMOLOG
METAPHYSICS
Y
 METAPHYSICS
• the branch of philosophy responsible for the
study of existence
• the foundation of a worldview
• reality is absolute and has a specific nature
independent of our thoughts or feelings, and
has a specific nature and it must be consistent
to that nature
 EPISTEMOLOGY
• the study of our method of acquiring knowledge
• encompasses the nature of concepts, the
constructing of concepts, the validity of the
senses, logical reasoning, as well as thoughts,
ideas, memories, emotions, and all things mental
• concerned with how our minds are related to
reality, and whether these relationships are valid
or invalid
• the explanation of how we think
• to determine the true from the false, by determining a
proper method of evaluation
• reason is our method of gaining knowledge, and
acquiring understanding
• logic is our method of maintaining consistency within
our set of knowledge
• objectivity is our means of associating knowledge with
reality to determine its validity
• Concepts are abstracts of specific details of reality, or
of other abstractions
 AXIOLOGY
• the study of value or quality
• the branch of philosophy dealing with the
nature of value and the types of value, as in
morals, aesthetics, religion, and metaphysics
• the science that studies how people think
• axiologists study how people determine the
value of different things
• includes thinking about objects, discerning the
different aspects of things, making judgments,
and choosing
• valuation process is actually one's habit of
thinking and it involves filtering, processing,
storing, and analyzing data
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
 CONCEPT OF PHILOSOPHY
• an ongoing discussion about knowledge; it is a broad field
of inquiry in which the definition of knowledge itself is one
of the subjects investigated
• the pursuit of wisdom, spans the nature of the universe
and human nature (of the mind and the body), the
relationships between these, and between people
• explores what and how people come to know, including
existence itself, and how that knowledge is reliably and
usefully represented, and communicated between and
among humans, whether in thought, by language, or with
mathematics
• the predecessor and complement of science,
and its foundation
• fields of study that are concerned directly with
humans (economics, psychology, sociology and
so forth), in which experimental
methodologies are not generally available, sub
disciplines of philosophy may be developed to
provide a rational basis of study in the
respective fields
• the predecessor and complement of science,
and its foundation
• fields of study that are concerned directly with
humans (economics, psychology, sociology and
so forth), in which experimental
methodologies are not generally available,
subdisciplines of philosophy may be developed
to provide a rational basis of study in the
respective fields
 CONCEPT OF
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
• the study of the purpose, process, nature and
ideals of education
• the context of education as a societal
institution or more broadly as the process of
human existential growth
• understanding of the world is continually
transformed via physical, emotional, cognitive
and transcendental experiences