The document discusses key concepts in semiconductor devices including the first transistor invented in 1947. It defines important energy terms used to describe materials like vacuum energy, electron affinity, ionization energy, and bandgap. It also shows energy band diagrams for insulators, semiconductors, and metals to illustrate how their electronic structures differ.
The document discusses key concepts in semiconductor devices including the first transistor invented in 1947. It defines important energy terms used to describe materials like vacuum energy, electron affinity, ionization energy, and bandgap. It also shows energy band diagrams for insulators, semiconductors, and metals to illustrate how their electronic structures differ.
The document discusses key concepts in semiconductor devices including the first transistor invented in 1947. It defines important energy terms used to describe materials like vacuum energy, electron affinity, ionization energy, and bandgap. It also shows energy band diagrams for insulators, semiconductors, and metals to illustrate how their electronic structures differ.
Definitions of vacuum energy Evac, electron affinity c, ionization energy g and the energy gap Eg
Evac EV Ionization Enrgy
Evac Ec Elecron Affinity Eg Ec Ev Bandgap Energy band diagrams for (a) an insulator, (b) a semiconductor, and (c) a metal. The energies in the shaded regions are in general occupied