DRUG FOR

DISORDER OF THE
EAR
 ANTI-INFECTIVES
◦ COMMON EAR CONDITTION THAT REQUIRE ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS ARE ACUTE. UTITIS
MEDIA (AOM) AND ACUTE OTITIS EXTERNA (AOE) COMMONLY KNOWN AS “SWIMMER”
EAR. AOM OCCUR MORE OFTEN IN CHILDREN AND STREPTOOCCUS. PNEUMONIAE IS THE
MOST COMMON. PHATOGEN FOLLOWED BY HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE AND
MORAXELLA CATARRHALIS. AOM HAS ALSO BE CAUSED MICOORGANISM SUCH AS
VIRUSES
◦ RISK FACTOR: FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AOM INCLUDE AGE YOUNGER THAN 2 YEARS
attending day care center and exposure to evironmental pollutant such tobacco smoke. A significant
decline in AOM has occured since the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was introduced in 2000.
because it provide immunization againts S.pneumoniae Families should be urged to have a children
recieved the schedule PCV13 as a prophylactic measure againts AOM againts the othe more serious
condition that this vaccine prevent
◦ AOM is usually related to a dysfunction of the eustachian tube especially after an upper respiratory
infection from virus. The tymphanic membrane (TM) is usually bulging and patient complain of otalgia
( ear pain) other symptoms my include fever and irritability.
◦ Oral amoxicillin is usually the drug of choice when antibiotic are indicate for AOM. The reccomend
dosage for children 6 months and older is 80 to 90mg/kg every 12 hours for 7 to 10 days depending on
the severity of the condition and the age of the patient
◦ The Dosage of adult is 500 to 875 mg every 8 to 12 hours depending on the severity. Azithromycin and
clarithromycin are often ordered if the patient severly allergic to penicillin. For more mild penicilin
allergies a cephalosporin may be ordered however the nurse should be alert to any sign or symptoms of
penicillin – cephalosporin cross sentivity for otalgia topical analegesics such as benzocain are usually
used especially in bed time.
◦ OTITIES EXTERNA (OE) is a condition that causes inflammation (redness and swelling) of the external ear
canal, which is the tube between the outer ear and eardrum. Otitis externa is often referred to as "swimmer's
ear" because repeated exposure to water can make the ear canal more vulnerable to inflammation
EXTERNAL EAR CANAL
ANTIHISTAMINE AND
DECONGESTANT
◦ For years antihistamine and decogestant iswere through to reduce middle ear congestion and eutachian
tube dysfunction asosiacte with otitis media with effusion (OME) nonifectinous collection fluid in the
middle ear.
◦ These drug my use : If your nose and sinuses are stuffed up, a decongestant may help. You can use it
alone or combine it with an antihistamine. Remember, though, it can increase your heart rate and may
cause anxiety or make it hard to fall asleep. If you have a runny nose or sneezing, try an antihistamine.
 CERUMINOLYTIC
◦ A cerumenolytic is an ear wax softening agent. Common cerumenolytics such as hydrogen
peroxide and hydrogen peroxide urea are topical preparations used to facilitate the removal of
ear wax. Their side effects tend to be mild, including ear discomfort, transient loss of hearing,
dizziness, and local irritation
Administration of Ear Medication
◦ Warm the ear drops to body
temperature.
◦ Instruct the person to lie on their
side so that the ear to receive the
medication is upright.
◦ Straighten out the ear canal by
pulling the auricle up and back
for the adult and down and back
for the infant and young child
less than 3 years of age.