AMOUNT OF

HEAT TRANSFER
AND SPECIFIC
HEAT CAPACITY
HEAT TRANSFER
• If two objects at different temperatures are brought in
contact with each other, energy is transferred from the
hotter object (that is, the object with the greater
temperature) to the colder (lower temperature) object,
until both objects are at the same temperature.

• equilibrium
HEAT TRANSFER
• There is no net heat transfer once the temperatures are
equal because the amount of heat transferred from one
object to the other is the same as the amount of heat
returned. One of the major effects of heat transfer is
temperature change: Heating increases the temperature
while cooling decreases it.
HEAT TRANSFER
• Experiments show that the heat transferred to or from a
substance depends on three factors—the change in the
substance’s temperature, the mass of the substance,
and certain physical properties related to the phase of the
substance.
SPECIFIC HEAT
• The specific heat capacity of a
substance is the quantity of heat
energy required to raise the
temperature of 1 kg of the substance
by 1°C. The symbol used for specific
heat capacity is c and the units are
J/(kg °C) or J/(kg K).
SAMPLE PROBLEM
A 1.50 L (1.50 kg) of tap water was heated from an initial
temperature of 30.0°C to a final temperature of 80.0 °C.
How much heat was added to water?
 SOLUTION
Given: Formula
m = 1.50 kg Q = mcΔT
Ti = 30.0 °C
Tf = 80.0 °C Solution
c = 4186 J/kg°C Q = (1.50 kg)(4186 J/kg°C)(80.0 °C- 30.0 °C)
Q=? Q= 314 000 J
SAMPLE PROBLEM
• Calculate the quantity of heat Q = mcΔT
required to raise the temperature of
5 kg of water from 0°C to 100°C. 
Q = (5.0kg)(4186J/kg°C)(100
°C)
Given Q=
m = 5.0 kg
Ti = 0°C, Tf= 100°C
c= 4186 J/kg°C
Q= ?
SAMPLE PROBLEM
m= 10 kg
c= 500 J/kgC
Ti= 150C, Tf= 50C
T= 50 – 150 = -100C

Q = mcΔT
Q = (10kg)(500 J/kgC)(-100C)
Q= - 500 000 J
SAMPLE PROBLEM
c=?
Q = 273 kJ or 273 000 J
m = 10 kg
Ti= 15°C, Tf = 85°C
T= 70°C

Q = mcT
c= Q/mT
c= 273 000 J/ (10kg)(70C)
c= 390 J/kgC