Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Colonization of Africa
Colonization of Africa
19th Century
Colonialism
Colonialism is forced control of one nation by another nation.
Colony is when a nation establishes a government under its rule in
a foreign territory.
Imperialism is empire building by taking over other countries’
government’s trade, and culture.
Afrikaners
Diamond Mines
Raw Diamonds
Boer-British Tensions Increase
1877 – Britain annexed the Transvaal.
The British
The Boers
The British implementing the scorched earth policy - Boer war
The British found themselves at a disadvantage, due to the size of the territory, lack of familiarity with the
terrain and the mobility and skills of the "Boers". In an effort to bring the war to an end, the British responded
with a scorched-earth policy. This included burning down the farms and homes of the "Boers", and putting
their women and children in concentration camps. Some 26,000 "Boer" women and children and 14,000 black
and colored people were to die in appalling conditions.
European Powers involved in
Colonization
• Belgium
a)King Leopold II claimed much of the African
Congo.
b)African Congo became best known for their
rubber plantations and ivory.
• East Africa
The _______controlled
British much of East Africa. Large
numbers of Europeans settled in Kenya. But most
colonial rulers used African deputies to control the
countries. Many deputies were traditional chiefs.
They often favored their own peoples. This caused
conflict between ethnic groups.
These conflicts have made it
hard for governments
to influence feelings of national
identity. Most East African
countries gained independence
in the early 1960s.________,
however,Ethiopia
was never colonized.
European countries
claimed colonies in
West Africa in the late
1800s and kept control
until after___________.
World War II
They built schools,
roads, and railroads,
but many Africans gave
up farming and worked
for low wages. All the
countries in West Africa
became independent
by 1974.
HISTORY OF NORTH AFRICA
Boer Farmer
The Great Trek, 1836-38
Afrikaners
Diamond Mines
Raw Diamonds
The Struggle for South Africa
Cecil Rhodes (1853-1902)
The British
The Boers
A Future British Prime Minister