HOSPITAL

DEFINITION

A hospital is a health care institution with an organized

medical and professional staff, and with permanent facilities
that include in- patient beds. Provide medical, nursing and
other health related services to patients.
Functions of the hospital:

1) Preventive function - it is an emerging secondary

function for the hospital and concerned with health
promotion, providing the preventive services through a
community health center It takes an active role to improve
the health of the population.
2) Curative function - it is the primary function of the
hospital and concerned with providing patient care
It refers to any type of care given to the patients by the
health team members e.g. physicians, nurses, dietitians
3) Training function - It is a secondary function and
concerned with providing training and educational courses
for the professional and technical personnel who provides
health services (e.g. physicians, nurses, dentists,
therapist…
4) Research function -
TYPES OF HOSPITAL

• PRIVATE HOSPITAL
• GOVERMENT HOSPITAL
• PARTIAL GOVT HOSPITAL
• CHARITABLE HOSPITAL
COMPONENT OF HOSPITAL
OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT

In OPD investigative and curative work can be done without

admitting the client.
SCOPE

• Consultation, investigation, procedures, speciality services

• Preventive and promotive health care
• Rehabilitation services
• Health education
• Counselling
INPATIENT DEPARTMENT

• “Inpatient" means that the procedure requires the patient

to be admitted to the hospital, primarily so that he or she
can be closely monitored during the procedure and
afterwards, during recovery.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT:- Medical superintendent is a

doctor who has control over all the medical department. It
includes medicine, paediatrics, orthopaedics, skin,
cardiology, psychiatry etc.
• NURSING DEPARTMENT: The nursing department
consist of nursing services and nursing education. The
primary aim is to provide comprehensive, safe and well
organized nursing care through the personnel of the
department
• OPERATION THEATRE: this consist of one or more OT
and other facilities. There should be four zones- outer zone,
clean zone, sterile zone, disposal zone.
• PHARMACY DEPARTMENT: the pharmacy department
has the responsibility for purchasing, compounding, storing
dispensing all the drugs.
• REHABLIATION UNIT: This department deals with clients
who have functional disabilities resulting from disease
condition/injuries.
• RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT: the department must be
located in a place where is easy accessibility of IP and
OP clients. This department has following services:
X-ray ,Ultrasonography ,MRI and ECG, C.T scan and
echocardiogram
• PARAMEDICAL DEPARTMENT: it include the laboratory
services and blood bank facilities.
• DIETARY DEPARTMENT: it has the responsibility for the
food service to the client according to their needs and
doctor’s prescription.
• CENTRAL STERILE SUPPLY DEPARTMENT: This
department supply sterile articles throughout the hospital.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES IN PLANNING A HOSPITAL

• High quality patient care

• Effective community orientation
• Financial and economic viability
• Systematic and orderly plann
• a sound architectural plann
While planning on a hospital , the following points may be
borne in a mind .
 Acessbilty and traffic
 Architecture
 Building structure
 Communication
 Construction
 Environment
 Expenditures
 Development
 Town planning
 Flexibility
Certain trends in hospital planning encompass
the following point
• Rapidely changing needs and technologies
• Changing regulations with direct impact on hospital
design
• New standard for admission to inpatient wards -
 short stay (day care )inpatient ward up to 5 days
 more focus on preventive medicine .
 hospital have to be able to attract medical tourist
 hospital must be acceptable to all cultures and religion
• the expectation of the patient /customers are rapidely
increasing .
• much more focus on OPD services short patient stays
and day care
• Natural light and and natural ventilation for most of the
building , especially for the inpatient wards and
workplaces
• more emphasis on easy way finding for elderly and
disabled people .
• New meaning , the hospital is not a place for sickness
and sick people - but rather a place for health and
recreation.