Welcome to our

Presentation
Topic:
Environmental impacts for textile dyeing industries in
Bangladesh.
Submitted by:

Mahmudul Hasan Shishir 2016000400030

MD. Easin 2016000400008
Raziul haq Marju 2017000400090
Shidul Islam 2017000400049
Mohiuddin Mishu 2017000400122
 INTRODUCTION
Textile impact is considered to be the most polluting
element emitted from the textile industry. It affects the
environment very badly. In the developing country like
Bangladesh, this condition is more eyes catching. The
effluent becomes the source of pollution of the
environment. It pollutes the, surface and subsurface
water, soil and air. Now a day, its proper management
and remedial measures like disposal system has become
the most serious challenges all over the world and also in
bangladesh.
Impacts of textile effluent on environment:
Generally the textile industries
release a large amount of
effluents, which contain toxic
and hazardous pollutans
degrades the environment very
badly. Textile industrial
effluents also show toxic
effects on aquatic macrophytes
and algae, as it is noticed that,
aquatic macrophytes could
hardly survive 2 days on textile
effluents
Summary of the wastes generated during textiles
manufacturing :
Process Source Pollutants

Energy production Emissions from boiler Particulates, nitrous oxides

(Nox) sulphur dioxide (SO2)

Coating, drying and curing curing Volatile organic components

Emission from high temperature (VOCs
ovens

Sizing Emission from using sizing Nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxide,

compound (gums, PVA) carbon monoxide

Bleaching Emission from using chlorine Chlorine, chlorine dioxide

compound

Dyeing Disperse dyeing using carriers : Carriers, H2S Aniline vapors

Sulphur dyeing Aniline dyeing

Printing Emission Hydrocarbons, ammonia

Finishing Resin finishing. Heat setting of Formaldehyde Carriers - low

synthetic fabrics molecular weight Polymers -
lubricating oils

Chemical storage Emissions from storage tanks for Volatile organic components (VOCs
commodity and chemicals

Waste water treatment Emissions from treatment tanks Volatile organic components, toxic
Pollution %
Other Agriculture
2% 10%

Industry Transportation
52% 27%

Commercial Products
8%
Residential Usage
1%
 Soil pollution:
Textile wastage pollutes the soil. Soil is the
most important medium for growing plants,
bushes , crops etc. The quality of crops
depends upon the quality of soil.
So, when the quality of soil decreases due to
industrial effluent, the amount and quality of
crops also decreases . Its also seen that, the
lowe lands becomes more polluted than the
higher lands. Because, the effluents ultimately
deposited in the lower lands.
Water pollution
The textile industry uses high
volumes of water throughout its
operations, from the washing of
fibres to bleaching, dyeing and
washing of finished products. On
average, approximately 200
Litres of water are required to
Produce 1 kg of textiles .
The large volumes of
Waste water generated also
contain a wide variety of chemicals, used throughout processing.
These can cause damage if not properly treated before being
discharged into the environment. Of all the steps involved I n
Textiles processing, wet processing creates the highest volume of Waste
water.
Air pollution :
Most processes performed in textile mills produce
atmospheric emissions. Gaseous emissions have been
identified as the second greatest pollution problem for
the textile industry. Speculation concerning the
amounts and types of air pollutants emitted from
textile operations have been widespread but, generally,
air emission data for textile manufacturing operations
are not readily available. Air emissions include dust, oil
mists, acid vapours, odours and boiler exhausts.
Cleaning and production changes result in sludges
from tanks and spent process chemicals, which may
contain toxic organics and metals
Air emissions can be classified according to the nature
of their sources:

Point sources:
• Boilers
• Ovens
• Storage tanks
Diffusive:
• Solvent-based
• Wastewater treatment
• Warehouses
• Spills
Reducing air pollution Some steps to
reduce the emissions to air include: –
Decreasing emissions of organic solvents by changing to
water-based products.
Using scrubbers to collect particulate matter.
Optimising boiler operations to reduce the emissions of
nitrous and sulphur oxides.
Pre-screening chemicals using the material safety data sheets
to ensure that chemicals are not toxic.
Identifying sources of air pollution and quantifying emissions.
Designing and manufacturing products that do not produce
toxic or hazardous air pollutants.
Avoiding fugitive air emissions from chemical spills through
improved work
Solid waste pollution
The primary residual wastes
generated from the textile industry are
non-hazardous. These include scraps
of fabric and yarn, off-specification
yarn and fabric and packaging waste.
There are also wastes associated with
the storage and production of yarns
and textiles, such as chemical storage
drums, cardboard reels for storing
fabric and cones used to hold yarns for
dyeing and knitting. Cutting room
waste generates a high volume fabric
scraps, which can often be reduced by
increasing fabric utilisation efficiency
in cutting and sewing.
Impacts of solid waste on environment
Waste breaks down in landfills to form
methane, a potent greenhouse gas
Change in climate and destruction of ozone
layer due to waste biodegradable
Littering, due to waste pollutions, illegal
dumping, leaching: is a process by which solid
waste enter soil and ground water and
contaminating them
Treatment of textile industries
Preliminary

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

TERTIARY
PRIMARY:
 Remove organic color,
SCREENING
suspended solids
 Help primary reduction of
SEDIMENTATION COD & BOD

EQUALIZATION  The conventional treatment

system is a physico-chemical
treatment followed by biological
NEUTRALIZATION treatment
( secondary) system
MECHNICAL
FLOCCULATION
THE MAIN PURPOSE OF SECONDARY TREATMENT IS PROVIDE
“BOD” REMOVAL IS BEYOND WHAT IS ACHIVEABLE BY SIMPLE
SEDIMENTATION

AERATED LAGOON

S  Remove dissolved and residual

E organic matter aerobic mode
C (with air CO2 & CH4 ) or with
TRICKLING FILTRATION
O anaerobic mode.
N  Achived by digestive action of
D bacteria under suitable
A conditions (PH 6-9, neutrents,
air/oxygen and temperature
R
Y ACTIVATED SLUDGE
 Reduce COD,BOD and toxicity

OXIDATION DITCH/POND
TERTIARY
 Remove dissolved solids( mineral
OXIDATION TECHNICALsalts) and residual color
 After
ELECTROLYTIC PRECIPITATION & the treatment water can be
FOAM FRACTIONATION safely discharge or reused for

MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES processing

ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESS

ION EXCHANGE In order to reduce TDS further

purification of effluent is carried
PHOTO CATALYTIC DEGRADATION
ADSORPTION out using tertiary treatment

THERMAL EVAPORATION
Things to Do

By Increasing Awareness
If we want to reduce the bad impacts of Textile affluent on
environment we should be aware of the bad effects of the
Efftuent. The authority of the Textile industry should be
aware of it. The authorities always look for their benefits,
but they should also look for the healthy environment.

 By maintaining Government rules and regulations

The government of every country put some rules and
regulations for the industries. So, the authority of the
industry should maintain the government rules and
regulations.
Conclusion:
From the above discussion
it is noticed that,textite
affluent pollutes the
environment very badly. So
we should pay a great
attention to eradicate the
environment pollution
frOm efftuent and save the
environment.
THANK YOU