INTRODUCTION

TO
SURVEY AND MAPPING
02
 DEFINITION OF SURVEYING
- Language
- Technical

OBJECTIVES OF SURVEYING

SCOPE OF WORK
- Land surveyor

WORK PROCEDURES
IN SURVEYING

INTRODUCTION TO SURVEY AND MAPPING

 Way of looking, survey,
I T ION check, measure and produce
E F IN
D map
OF NG
V E YI
SUR :: language ::
Science, art and technology
of determining the relative
position of point above, on
or beneath the earth’s
surface
:: technical ::
 To collect field data
`

TIV ES
B J EC
O OF NG To determine the dimensions and
V E YI contours of any part
` of the earth’s
SUR surface

To prepare a plan or
` map

To establish boundaries of the

`
land

To measure area and

` volume

To select a suitable site for an

`
engineering project
 The work of a surveyor may be
`
divided into three distinct parts
C OPE
S
OF
RK :: Field work ::
WO
:: Office work ::
:: Care adjustment of instruments ::
 SCOPE OF WORK

FIELD WORK:
1 Consist of the measurement of angles
and distances and keeping of record of
what has been done in the form of
‘field work’

LAND SURVEYOR
 SCOPE OF WORK

OFFICE WORK:
2 Consists of drafting or plotting,
computing and designing

LAND SURVEYOR
 SCOPE OF WORK

CARE AND ADJUSTMENT OF INSTRUMENTS:

3 The practice of surveying requires experience in
handling the equipment used in field and office
work,

Being familiar with the care and adjustment of the

surveying instruments,

Understanding of their limitations.

LAND SURVEYOR
 Procedures in surveying consists of
RK
WO URES
PRO CED
IN
1 :: Planning and field
` observations ::
YI NG
VE
SUR
2 :: Field works :: `

3 :: Office works :: `

4 :: Setting out works

` ::
WORK PROCEDURES IN SURVEYING

Procedures in surveying consists of :

1 Planning and field observations

To decide:
The methods to be adopted for surveying;
-Leveling/ hydrographic/ photogrammetric
-Numbers of workers
-Duration of work

The resources (instruments & personnel) to be used;

-eg. Leveling: Automatic level, measuring tape, staff

The stations to be used ( those already available and/ or

to set up)
- Bench mark, BM / Temporary bench mark, TBM
WORK PROCEDURES IN SURVEYING

Procedures in surveying consists of :

2 Field works

It involves
Collection of field data by making necessary
measurements;

Recording of observed data in a systematic manner.

Before starting any field observation, the permanent

adjustments of all the instruments need to be checked
thoroughly by trained personnel and if required, it must be
adjusted.
WORK PROCEDURES IN SURVEYING

Procedures in surveying consists of :

3 Office works

It involves
Processing, analyzing and calculation of observed data;

Preparation of necessary data (for making plan or map of

the area);
- Manually or computerized

Making of a plan or map of the area;

WORK PROCEDURES IN SURVEYING

Procedures in surveying consists of :

4 Setting out works

To locate and establish parameters / dimensions at the site

for further engineering works