A Technical Seminar on

WATER JET CUTTING

By

PREM KUMAR (07M21A0337)

Department of MECHANICAL Engineering

LORDS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
No: 32, Golconda Post, Himayatsagar,
HYDERABAD-500 008.
INTRODUCTION

Water jet is a generic term used to describe

equipment that uses a high pressure stream of
water for cutting or cleaning purposes

A water jet cutter, also known as a water

jet, is a tool capable of slicing into metal or other
materials using a jet of water at high velocity and
pressure, or a mixture of water and an abrasive
substance.
Basic water jet principles

They use the technology of high-

pressure water being forced through a small hole
(typically called the "orifice" or "jewel") to
concentrate an extreme amount of energy in a
small area. The restriction of the tiny orifice
creates high pressure and a high-velocity beam,
much like putting your finger over the end of a
garden hose.
TYPE OF WATER JET CUTTING

 Purewater jet cutting

 Abrasive jet water cutting
 Pure water jet cutting:-
Pure water jets use the beam of water
exiting the orifice to cut soft material like diapers,
candy bars, and thin soft wood, but are not effective
for cutting harder materials.

 Abrasive jet water cutting:-

Water jet cutting uses garnet abrasive
combined with the cutting stream to cut through the
material process up to 12” thick material
This includes(Rubber, stainless steel, copper steel,
plastic, brass , alluminium.
.
PURE WATER JET CUTTINGS
Abrasive Waterjet
OPERATION
 The cutter is commonly connected to a high-
pressure water pump where the water is then
ejected from the nozzle, cutting through the
material by spraying it with the jet of high-speed
water. Additives in the form of suspended grit or
other abrasives, such as garnet and aluminum
oxide, can assist in this process.
cutting technology

 Water Jet cutting uses high pressure water to cut softer

material like rubber and foam. When abrasives are added
to high pressure water the resulting abrasive jets cuts
harder material like steel, glass, titanium, hard rock,
bullet-proof glass, and ceramics etc.
 The high pressure water is forced through a tiny orifice to
concentrate high energy in a tiny area to cut. The water is
pressurized using an intensifier pump to a pressure of
6200 bar (90,000 psi) and forced through a tiny orifice of
0.15 mm to 0.35 mm diameter creating a high velocity of
beam
How do water jets work?
 Take ordinary tap water and pressurize it to
60,000 psi (4,000 bar) and force it through a very
small hole. Mix the water with garnet abrasive
and you have a very thin stream of water
traveling very fast that will rapidly erode most
materials. 
 Some water jets are "pure water jets" and don't

add the garnet abrasive. These are used to cut

softer materials, such as food, rubber, and foam
Schematic illustration of the abrasive-jet machining process
Where water jets are used

 General purpose machine shops

 Artists
 Architectural
 Aerospace
 Manufacturing
 Automotive & transportation
 Laser shops
Material Options
Stainless Rubber
Silicone Composite

Steels Glass
Carbon Steels Titanium
Red Metals Copper
Aluminum Brass
‡Steel Alloys Inconel
Exotic Metals Acetal
‡Ballistics Nylon
Non-Abrasive Waterjet Cutting
 This process uses no abrasive in the cutting
stream,just high pressure water
 Used to cut soft,thin,or porous material
 Silicone
 VCT(tile)
 Foam
 Felt
 Cork
 Plastic
 Neoprene
Whyuse waterjetcutting?
 When companies outsource work to manufacture
their custom products proficiently, waterjet
cutting is often an advantageous option
 Waterjetcutting allows for fast turnaround times

- It’s also a very efficient cutting method

 ‡Noburr
 No heat affected zones
 Multiple head cutting allowsnesting of partswhich

is like multi-tasking· for the waterjet, as it is able

to cut numerous parts at once
Advantages of water jet cutting

 Can work with more materials

 No heat-affected zone (HAZ) with water jets
 Water jets are more environmentally friendly
 Water jets are safer
 Uniformity of material not important
 Lower capital equipment costs
 Better tolerances on thicker parts
 Water jets can machine thicker materials
 Simpler maintenance
 Simpler operation
 Faster
 Water jets require less setup.
Advantages of waterjets compared with lasers

 Laser cutting involves using a laser focused on

material to melt, burn, or vaporize the material. The laser
can be a gas laser (such as CO2) or a solid-state laser. The
laser beam can be static, and the material moves in front
of the laser, or the laser can itself be moved across the
material. When the laser moves across the material,
additional optics are required as the distance from the
emitting end of the laser changes. Lasers have the
advantage over traditional machining methods that the
laser never touches the material (avoiding
contamination) and the HAZ is relatively small.
Basic water jet safety

 Beware the water jet stream

 Eye protection.

 Beware the water jet stream.

 Ear protection.
conclusion
 Water jet Cutting (WJC) is a non-traditional
method in which a high velocity jet is used to
machine a material
The process offers a wide range of advantages.
Forces involved are minimum and non-crushed
edges even on very soft materials. Work hardening
is eliminated and heat affected zone (HAZ) is
absent. Environment pollution is minimised since
airborne dust and fumes are absent.
Quaries…?
Thank you…..